N1: Chapter 3 Vocabulary Flashcards
Digestion
The process by which the body breaks down food and the nutrients in food, into simpler parts for use in growth, repair, and maintenance.
Enzyme
A complex protein produced by cells to spread a specific chemical reaction in the body.
Gastrointestinal Tract (GI)
A muscular tube leading from
the mouth to the anus through which food passes as it is digested.
Mastication
Chewing
Peristalsis
A series of squeezing action by the muscles in the Gastrointestinal tract that helps move food through the tract.
Gastric Juices
A mixture of hydrochloric acid, digestive enzymes and mucus produced by the stomach that helps digest food.
Chyme
A mixture of gastric juices and food formed in the stomach during digestion.
Bile
A digestive juice produced by the liver to aid fat digestion.
Absorption
The passage of nutrients from the digestive tract into the circulatory system
Villi
Tiny, finger-like projections that cover the wall of the small intestine.
Metabolism
All the chemical changes that occur as cells produce energy and materials needed to sustain life.
ATP
The storage form of energy in the body.
Food Allergy
A reaction of the immune system to certain protons found in food.
IIndigestion
A difficulty in digesting food.
Heartburn
A burning pain in the middle of the chest caused by stomach and flowing back into the esophagus.
