Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Wset Diploma Unit 3 > N America USA > Flashcards

N America USA Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
WSET ® Level 1 Spirits flashcards WSET ® Level 3 Spirits flashcards WSET ® Level 2 Wine flashcards WSET ® Level 1 Wine flashcards WSET ® Level 3 Wine flashcards WSET ® Level 2 Spirits flashcards WSET® Level 4 Wine flashcards
1
Q

East coast-

European settlers arrive & begin planting local varieties

A

16th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

East coast-

Haphazard and unsuccessful import of vinifera due to extreme climates, local pests & disease.

A

17/18th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

East coast-

First successful commercial wine production based on Lambrusca/ Vinifera hybrid based Alexander grape.

A

1806

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

East coast-

Introduction of Catawba, Delaware, Isabella & Norton (American hybrids) for production of white.

Wine developing mostly in the east (Pennsylvania, Ohio, Missouri)

A

1800- 1850

1830- Nicholas longworth, banker/ winemaker. Produces sparkling Catawba in Ohio.
💣 then. Ohio vineyards destroyed by black rot & industry moves to finger lakes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

East coast-

Introduction of the hardy and foxy Concord grape

A

1854

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

East coast-

Winegrowing spreads to New Jersey, Virginia and Arkansas. NY specialising in sparkling.

A

1919

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

East coast-

Prohibition kills the industry

A

1920/33

Only sale of grapes for home use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

East coast-

Decline of wine industry

A

1945- 1960

Ohio goes from 149- to 47 wineries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

East coast-

BOOM following introduction of French hybrids.

A

1970-00’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

West coast -

Spanish settlers, cultivate in Mexico.

A

16th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

West coast -

San Diego missionaries planted California’s first vineyard with ‘mission’ (Criolla Chica)

A

1769

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

West coast -

Sonoma mission station. Most northern Californian point reached by monks established.

A

1823

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

West coast -

J-L Vignes from Bordeaux founded winery w/ French vines in California.

A

1833

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

West coast -

Gold found on Sacramento -> Gold rush & mass immigration -> wine industry boom in Sonoma/Napa/Sierra foothills.

A

1848

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

West coast -

Agostin Haraszthy introduces 300 varieties including Zinfandel.

A

1851-61

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

West coast -

Prussian Charles Krug establishes at Mt St Helena in Napa & trains winemakers.
- Another 140 wineries would follow standing up to European Fine wines.

A

1860’s

17
Q

West coast -

California wine association founded

A

1894

Union of regions largest producers

18
Q

West coast -

Prohibition killed the industry. Only sale of grapes for home use allowed.

A

1920/33

19
Q

West coast -

Wine institute of California founded to promote wines of region.

A

1934

20
Q

West coast -

Marked decline - only 25 wineries in Napa

A

1945-1960

140 in 1880’s -> 25 in 1960 -> 400 now

21
Q

West coast -

Mondavi family, who owned Krug, creates own winery in Napa
-> Kick starts the industry

A

1966

22
Q

West coast -

First commercial wines in Washington state- Now second biggest US producer.

A

1967

23
Q

West coast -

  • Boom of new wineries large & small. (California from 240-1,700).
  • Innovation in tech.
  • Introduction of European methods.
  • Foreign investment (notably champagne houses)
  • Development of vineyards in Washington, Oregon & Texas thanks to modern solutions to old problems.
A

1970’s- Now

24
Q

California responsible for how much of US production?

Length width?

How many AVAs?

A

90%

1,100km N to S, 90km wide

100 AVAs

25
Q

California climate?

A

Mediterranean.

Moderated by sea fogs and cool sea winds -> slows ripening of grapes.

Dry, low rainfall. Spring frost.

26
Q

North coast (55,000ha)

Warms to cool Mediterranean.
Three key areas N-S-

A

NORTH COAST (55,000ha)

Mendocino County AVA

  • Anderson Valley: Coastal, fogs, breeze -> v cool growing season. Great Zinfandel higher up. PN, Riesling, Gewürztraminer. Roederer in 82.
  • Medoncino: Higher area + protected from fog and wind -> warmer-> full bodied, soft Cab Sav / petit Syrah.
  • Clear lake, birthplace of kendell Jackson.

Sonoma Country AVA (24,000)
- Birthplace of California fine wine. Variety of climates.
- Gallo Sonoma lobbied for AVA.
- 55 wineries.
Russian River Valley
- Forms wide gap in coastal range -> cooler. Great PN and Chard.
Dry Creek Valley
- West of Healdsburg; Clay&gravel great for SB & Zin
Alexander Valley
- Further east. Warmer & alluvial. Geyserville Zin

Napa Valley (18,000ha)
- Overtook Sonoma for fine wine. 4% California’s production.
- S Napa (Napa - Yountville) RI cool w/ fog from San Pablo bay.
- Central Napa (Yountville - St Helena) RII Afternoon fog
- N Napa (towards Castiloga) RIII less bay influence & more altitude.
- 150 soil types but good for drainage aspect & drainage
Stags leap: red soils & soft tannins
Oakville: complex soils, cool, opus one.
Rutherford: gravelly clay. Rutherford bench for spice and density.
St Helena: warmer, rich cults. Cab/ Chard
Castiloga: Mountains, powerful cab/ Zin.
Howell mountains: NE, mountains, 1,400m Cab & Zin

Los Carneros

  • Crosses base of Napa and Sonoma. Can label any AVA.
  • Mild/ dry w/ fog off bay + cool winds.
  • Ideal for PN & Chard (sparkling from freixenets ‘gloria Ferrer’)

NORTH CENTRAL COAST

  • San Francisco Bay -> San Lucas. 28 sub AVAs.
  • Moderate climate in valleys. (Fog) warmer in mountains
    Livermore Valley AVA
  • Mainly white, SB. Wente dominates 650ha.
    Santa Cruz AVA
  • cooler region w/ poor soil. PN, Cab, Riesling
  • Ridge, Fogarty, Mt Eden.
    Silicon Valley/ Santa Clara Valley AVA’s
  • Rich vinous history. Now experimental.
    Monterey Country AVA
  • Picturesque, cool climate, low rainfall. (Irrigation). Chard & Merlot.
  • Largest central coast wine region. Huge farms. Tarnished image.
  • Arroy Seco AVA, Santa Lucia AVA, Carmel Valley AVA, Chalon AVA

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST.

  • From Paso Robles faceing west. Good airflow from Pacific.
  • Maritime, mild wet winters, cooler summers than rest of Cali.

San Louis Obispo County
- Experimental with Rhône and Italian varieties
Paso Robles AVA: Hot & fertile east, Cool and diverse west (Santa Clara)
Edna Valley: Region I, by San Louis obispo. Chard and PN + GSM
Arroyo Grande: one of coolest in Cali.

Santa Barbera County (8,000ha)
- rain free & v mild. long growing season.
- 3 promising AVAs
Santa Maria Valley AVA: PN & Chard. Qupe, Au Bon Climate.
Santa Ynez Valley AVA: Diurnal. Bdx grapes & roussane, ries gewrz.

27
Q

Central Valley

A

80% total Cali production. Quantity focused. Hot (IV/ V)

Divides between Sacramento and San Joaquin valley

San Joaquin Valley (40,000ha)
- majority of bulk wine
- hot and dry
- Intensive agriculture and modern irrigation
- v modern wineries- home to Gallo, constellation & mondavi invest.
- 2 distinct AVA
(Lodi Ava) S of Sacramento, rich soil, higher land. Zin & Viognier
(Clarksberg Ava) fog and lakes mediate. Chenin B + Varies grapes

28
Q

Sierra foot hills

A

Gold rush country & wine producing since 1850s. Less than 1% of production.

Hot days cool nights.
Concentrated wines
Old vine Zin & Italian.

El dorado AVA

  • 600m- 1,160m, Cab Sav, ries, Syrah,
  • FairPlay Ava, isolated

Amador County

  • Warmer, less elevation
  • Shenandoah Valley, hearty Zin, SB, Sangio, Syrah
  • Fiddletown: famous for old vine Zin

Yuba County
North Yuba: AVA for one winery, Renaissance - Cab Sav, Riesling, 500m

Wset Diploma Unit 3 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions