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NCLEX > N > Flashcards

N Flashcards

1
Q

PKU
What is it
what can/ can’t have
What can it cause

A

An inborn error of metabolism that interferes with a liver enzyme that processes amino acid phenylalanine.
sugar/fruit /veggies/ special stuff
protein aspartame
Brain damage

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2
Q

Normal hr for babies

A

180

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3
Q

Normal BP for infant

A

60-100/40-55

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4
Q

Normal respiratory findings in a neonate 3

A

Irregular, 30-60 some fluid in lungs for 24 hrs so might hear crackles

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5
Q

What does HELLP stand for and what is a complication of it?

A

Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low platelets

DIC

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6
Q

pH normal and how to tell metabolic from respiratory

A

7.35-7.45
Ph and Bicarb are same direction=metabolic
Different-Respiratory

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7
Q

Normal acid base values

A

7.35-7.45
Bicarb-22-26
02- 80-100
Paco2-35-45
Sa02-95-100

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8
Q

Compensated vs part comp A/B

A

Ph is normal everything is abnormal

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9
Q

s/s of acid base imbalances

A

As the pH goes up so does my patient except for potassium.

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10
Q

K+
Name to remember and why

A

Mackussmaus- Kussmal respirations in metabolic acidosis

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11
Q

Respiratory al/ac problem

A

overvent-Alkalosis
Under-Acidosis

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12
Q

Tell between metabolic Ac/Alk

A

Prolonged suctioning or vomiting-alkalosis
Everything else is Acidosis

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13
Q

Vent alarms

A

There are only two
High-The vent is working too hard to get air into the lungs there is increased resistance due to obstructions
!. Kink-unkink
2. Water in dependant loops-empty
3. Mucas in airway-turn cough deep breath-suction PRN.
Low-Decreased resistance due to disconnections
1. Main tube is disconnected-reconect
2. Ox senser is disconected
3. Pay attention to where tubing is it needs to be cleaned

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14
Q

Psych remember to use MASLOW

A

physiological
Safety
Comfort-pain
Psychological
Social
Spirit

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15
Q

How to tx denial

A

Confront
you say this and then you say this

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16
Q

Stages of greif

A

DABDA
Is it loss or abuse?
With loss you comfort

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17
Q

What is Wernicke korsakoff
tx

A

encephalopathy psychosis
From vit b thiamine amnesia with confabulation
tx-redirect

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18
Q

What is Disulfiram onset and diration
teaching-

A

Antibuse
2 weeks
Avoid alcohol

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19
Q

what are the uppers

A

5
Caffeine
Cocaine
PCP/LSD Hallucinogens
Methamphetamines-pheds meth
Adderol

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20
Q

What is borborygmi

A

Hyperactive bowels

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21
Q

Intox vs wd in new born time

A

24hrs

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22
Q

DTS know 3

A

72 hours after drinking
withdrawal comes first
Can kill you and are dangerous

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23
Q

What are aminoglycosides?
way to remember

A

Powerful antibiotics
A mean old MYCIN-tx a mean ol infection- life threatening-gram neg,

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24
Q

aminoglycocides drug names

A

all end in mycin
but if thromycin-its not aminoglycoside

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25
Q

Nursing considerations of amminoglycocyns

A

Ears and kidneys

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26
Q

Amminoglycocins route and two things about it

A

IM or IV
only PO hepatic encephalopathy or prep or bowel surger
who can sterilize my bowel-Neo can

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27
Q

Why Draw TAP 3 ex

A

Narrow therapeutic margin
Dig, Mean old mycins

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28
Q

Drawing TAP time and route

A

SL 5-10min after dissolved
IV- 15-30mins
IM-30-60min
SC dont worry
PO dont worry
All trough are 30mins before next dose so the above is all peaks

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29
Q

CCBs are like

A

Valium for your hert

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30
Q

CCBS Calm and are blank like others that calm

A

negative tropic

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31
Q

What do CCBs tx

A

AAA
AntihyperTN
Antianginals
antia atrial arrhythmias

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32
Q

Parameters for CCBS
Side effects for CCB

A

Hold if systolic <100
HH-Headache hypoten

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33
Q

What are the names of CCBS

A

End in Dipine
plus 2 more verapamil, cardizem

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34
Q

Cardiac arrhythmias
QRS and Pwave

A

QRS-vent
P-atrial

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35
Q

Tx for Vent tach and PVC

A

Amiodarone or lidocane

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36
Q

Atrial arrhythms

A

ABCD
Adenosine-push fast
Beta blockers-LOL
CCB
Dig

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37
Q

other names for dig

A

Digitalis, digoxin, Lanoxin

38
Q

Tx for v fib

A

For v fib you dfib

39
Q

Asystole tx

A

Epi and atropine in that order

40
Q

What do chest tubes do

A

reestblish neg pressure in the lungs

41
Q

What do you do when you get a chest tube question

A

What is the reason-air or blood? this helps to pick what is a normal output

42
Q

chest tube placement

A

A for A b for B
Apical for air
Basilar for B

43
Q

Bubbling and chest tube

A

Waterseal- Intermintent-good
Continuous bad
Control suction is opposit

44
Q

Rules for clamping N

A

No more than 15 secs without doctors order use rubber tipped and double clamp

45
Q

COngenital herat defects

A
46
Q

what to remember about congenital heart defects

A

The bad ones (Trouble) always start with T

47
Q

what to remember about congenital heart defects

A

The bad ones (Trouble) always start with T

48
Q

What are the defects of tetralogy of fellow

A

VarieD PictureS OfA RancH
VD-Ventricular defect
PS-Pulmonary stenosis
OA-Overriding aorta
RH-right hypertrophy

49
Q

PPE for Contact
special equip
neg airflow
types of diseases

A

Gloves, Gown, Hand washing .Maybe eyes
yes
no
Anything enteric
Hep A for Anus
Skin stuff
RSV

50
Q

Droplet
PPE
Deadicated equ
Neg air
types of diseases

A

mask gloves no gown only when doing pt care
hand washing
yes
yes
meningitit, Hflu-epiglottitis

51
Q

Airborn
PPE
equipment
neg

A

MAsk,glove, gown
Maybe
Yes
MMR and TB

52
Q

Donning and doffing

A

Donning-Put on reverse alphabet but mask is second
Doffing-Alphabetical order inside room but mask outside

53
Q

IV drip rates

A

gtt/min
mini-60gtts/ml
macro-10gtts/ml

54
Q

how to measure height of crutch?
hand grip

A

2-3 finger widths below andterior axillary fold to a point lateral and slightly in front of the foot
elbow flextion is about 30 deg

55
Q

When do you use points for crutches?

A

Even for even odd for odd
How many limbs are effected
2-mild
4-major
swing for non-weight bearing

56
Q

Stairs and crutches

A

up with the good and down with the bad.

57
Q

Delusions one thing 3 types

A

No sensory
Paranoid delusions someone is to harm you
Grandiose delusions you are god
Somatic X ray pregnant thought about body part

58
Q

Hallucinations

A

Sensory idea or belief

59
Q

Difference between Hallucination and illusion

A

Illusion there is a referent

60
Q

What are the functional psychosis and tx

A

schizo schzo major manic
acknowledge feeling
present reality
set. limit

61
Q

Phychosis of dementia tx

A

Acknowledge feelings
redirect

62
Q

Psychotic delirium

A

Acknowledge assure

63
Q

What are the loosening of association

A

Flight of ideas-Each phrase makes sense but together they do not
word salad- Babble
Neologism-makes up words

64
Q

How to think of Diabetes inspitus

A

Dehydration

65
Q

What are the 3 ps of diabetes

A

Polydipsia
Polyphagia
Polyuria

66
Q

Insulins
how to remember onset/peak duration

A

Regular-anything ends in R
NPH-not fast and not in the bag
124681012
Humalog-lispro 15/30/3
Lantus-glargine low risk no peak

67
Q

S/S for low bg

A

Drunk in shock

68
Q

S/s for high BG

A

DKA
Dehydration
Kussmaul
A high acidosis-so high K+ acitone breath anorexia

69
Q

What are the electrolyte sentences

A

Kalemias do the same as their prefix except for urine output and heart rate
Calcium and mag do the opposite of their prefix

70
Q

What do you think when you hear thyroid

A

metabolism

71
Q

how to tx thyroidtoxicosis

A

O2 then ice cool down

72
Q

SIADH and DI

A

Fluid overload vs dehydration

73
Q

Lithium and other drug toxic

A

06-12
10-20

74
Q

Opisthotonos

A

Kernikterous baby positioning and put them on their side

75
Q

Dumping syndrome s/s

A

drunk, shock, and ab distress

76
Q

Addisons vs cushings

A

Not enough secreation-Addisons

Too much-Cushings
Mrs addison and her cousin a needs steriods and c needs. to cut it out

77
Q

paresthesia vs paresis

A

Nerve vs mm

78
Q

NERVE root compression s/s

A

3 ps
pain paresthesia and paresis

79
Q

When do we see the doc during preg and induce

A

ones a month 7 months
once every two weeks at 28 weeks
once a week 36 weeks
42 weeks-deliver

80
Q

Presenting station

A

neg is neg news pos is pos news

81
Q

WHat to check on the cord after delivery

A

3 vessels
AVA

82
Q

Bleeding after pregnancy

A

Excessive-one pad q 15 mins or less

83
Q

WHat are tocolytics

A

Stop labor
terbutaline -tachy
mag-Check respiratory and reflex

84
Q

Oxytoxics

A

Stimulate contractions
Ptosis, Methergine

85
Q

What two medications are given for fetal respirations

A

Betameth-mom
Servanta-surfactant-abbe

86
Q

Four rules for prioritization

A
  1. Acute beats Chronic
  2. Fresh post op beats medical or surgical (first 12 hours)
  3. Unstable beats stable
87
Q

High priority Organs if in mod! 6

A

brain
lung
heart
liver
Kidney
pancreas

88
Q

auscultation of heart spots

A

A P
T M

89
Q

Normal specific gravity

A

1.005-1.030

90
Q

red blood cell count

A

4-6 x10

91
Q

red blood cell count

A

4-6 x10

NCLEX (3 decks)

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