Mystery Of Mysteries CH 10

Question 1

Why are fossils important to scientists? What scientific evidence do fossils provide?

Answer 1

Contains remnants of pre-existing species. Shows scientists evidence of morphology through time & evidence of evolution.

Question 2

Compare and contrast artificial selection and natural selection.

Answer 2

Artificial selection is forced through selective breeding & genetic alterations.
Natural Selection occurs in nature through environmental change & traits are carried to offspring.

Question 3

Does figure 10.13 show homologous or analogous structures?

Answer 3

Yes. Arms and wings are homologous, but not analogous structures.

Question 4

Why do we use a two-part name, or binomial nomenclature, rather than common names?

Answer 4

The two part naming system allows scientists to easily differentiate between species. Allow people throughout the world to communicate unambiguously about animal species and plant species.

Question 5

What did Linnaeus contribute to taxonomy?

Answer 5

• Classification system based on the ordering of living organisms into taxa.
• Binomial nomenclature.
• Classified organisms in hierarchies based on morphological similarities.

Question 6

Scientific study of the kinds of organisms, their diversity, and their evolutionary relationships.

Answer 6

Systematics

Question 7

System of arranging taxa by analysis of primitive and derived characteristics.

Answer 7

Cladistics

Question 8

Phylogenetic systematics

Answer 8

Cladistics

Question 9

Ordering of living things into groups, or taxa, on the basis of contiguity, similarity, or both

Answer 9

Classification

Question 10

Study of the principles, procedures, and rules of scientific classification and naming of organisms.

Answer 10

Taxonomy

Question 11

The hierarchical system of classification classifies organisms based on _________ similarities, whereas Cladistics groups organisms based on evolutionary ancestry.

Answer 11

Morphological