MYP Probability Flashcards
What is the word for this symbol? (Aka what is its name?)
intersection
What is the word for this symbol? (Aka what is its name?)
union
What does “intersection” mean when talking about two sets?
Elements belong to both A and set B. Out loud, you usually read this as “and”.
What does “union” mean when talking about two sets?
Elements that are located anywhere in either set–in A or B or both. Out loud, you usually read this as “or”.
What is this symbol out loud?
∈
an element of
What does “complement” mean when talking about sets?
All elements in the universal set that are not elements of set A.
What is the apostrophe symbol mean for sets?
complement
(note that it’s compl_e_ment and not compl_i_ment)
What is a sample space?
The sample space of an experiment is the set (aka list) of all possible outcomes of that experiment.
- For example, the sample space for flipping one coin is {heads, tails}.
- The sample space for rolling one die is {1,2,3,4,5,6}
What does outcome mean?
A single, specific possible result of an experiment.
What does it mean (in regular English words) if the probability of an event is 0?
It means there is absolutely no possibility that the event will happen.
What does it mean (in regular English words) if the probability of an event is 1?
It means the event with definitely for sure happen 100 percent of the time.
Can a probability ever be greater than 1?
NOOOOOOOOO.
The maximum likelihood that something happens is 100% (aka “1”).
How do you find the probability of a single event?
What are three types of probability diagrams that can help us illustrate probability?
- Venn diagram
- 2-D grid
- Tree chart
If you see the word “given”, what type of probability is it?
Conditional probability.
P(A|B)
“Find probability of A given B”
or
“Given B, find probability of A”.
What is the formula for conditional probability?
Challenge Card
What is the formula for P(A U B)?
(Hint: we usually use this for Venn diagrams)
What is the formula to prove that two events are independent?
