Myomorphs and Histricomorphs Flashcards

1
Q

what are myomorphs

A

includes: muridae (rat and mouse) and cricetidae (gerbil, hamsters)

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2
Q

what are Hystricomorphs

A

cavidae (GPs), chinchillidae, octodontidae (degu)

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3
Q

basic features of muridae breeding

A
polyoestrous
oestrous q4-5d
~20d gest (rats - 22d; mice 19)
altricial 
females = short ano-genital distance
5x pairs mamm glands
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4
Q

what is a common respiratory syndrome of mice

A

murine resp mycoplasmosis (MRM)

  • chronic pneumonia
  • sup rhinintis
  • OM
  • pulm abscessation
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5
Q

mammary neoplasia are common in mice, are they malig or benign

A

malignant
loally invasive
adenocarcinoma#
predisp factors are stress, retroviruses, hormone

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6
Q

resp disease are v common in rodents, and mycoplasma pulmonis is ubiquitous. describe the disease transmission, signs..

A

aerosol, in utero and at birth - transmission
life long infection
sign s- bronchopneumonia, kg loss, lethargy, dyspnoea
flare up common

RATS get this with strep pneumonia and c. kutscheri

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7
Q

unlike in mice, mammary tumours in rats are usually (80%) benign fibroadenoma. what sx action can reuce the risk

A

Ovari-ectomy. concurrently seen with pit gland tumours

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8
Q

what are the clinical signs of rats with a pit gland hyperplasia or adenoma

A
anorexic -'pit cachexia'
kg loss, muscle atrophy
chromo-dacryoorhea 
head tilts - vestibular n dysfct
ataxia, circling, seizures
*may release XS ACTH => HAC*
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9
Q

what is the presenting sign of a radiculo-neuropathy in rats

A

progressive worsening HL paresis

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10
Q

hamsters and gerbils are cricetidae and they both can suffer from HAC, what is the most common signalment

A

older (male hamsters)

Syrian hamsters get benign adreno-cortical adenomas

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11
Q

what diseases are part of the ‘breed gerbil disease complex’

A
  • HAC
  • b vessel mineralisation
  • myocardial necrosis and fibrosis
  • DM
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12
Q

are the signs of hamster hypothyroidism, DM and cardiomyopathy equivalent to dogs and cats

A

YES

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13
Q

what is the normal water intake for a hamster

A

<10ml/kg/d

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14
Q

what neoplasia can hamsters get

A

melanoma + melanocytoma: males++, cutaneous

epitheliotrophic lymphoma (mycosis fungoides): cutaneous

hamster papovavirus: transmissible lymphoma, cutaneous. wart-like lesions - DOESNT resolve

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15
Q

what are the signs of cystic ovarian disease in gerbils

A
>400do (in 50% females)
symmet alopecia
poor coat qual
abdo distension
dyspnoea
tx = OVH, drain
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16
Q

what neurological conditions develops in poorly handled gerbils

A

EPILEPSY! prevent it if handle well in first 3wks of life

17
Q

what basic treatment do you give for resp diseases in rodents

A
  • supportive (O2, nebulisation)
  • mucolytics (N-acetylcysteine, bromhexine)
  • bronchodil
  • NSIADs
  • Vit C
  • reduce NH3
18
Q

what resp diseases are commonly seen in GPs

A
  • bordatella bronchiseptica
  • *rabbits are carriers**
  • strep. pneumonia
  • kebsiella
19
Q

what resp disease do mice get otherthan mycoplasma pulmonis

A

cilia-assoc reps bacillus (CAR) and sendai virus (2nd most common)

20
Q

what hystricomorph spp commonly gets urolithiasis and why

A

GPs

diet high in Ca and oxalates

21
Q

what is a common cause of d++ in chinchilla and GPs

A

dandelion! (laxative plant)

22
Q

what causes ‘wet tail’ in hamsters, 3-8wo

A

lawsonia intracellularis = prolif enteritis (same as in piggies)

23
Q

name other d+ causing pathogens to affect rodents

A
e coli
salmonella
clostridium piliforme (tyzzers)
clostridium spiriforme (causes Abx-assoc d+ in hamsters)
Yersinia pseudo-tb
coccidiosis - eimeria
trichomonas
giardia
24
Q

why do GPs get flystrike

A

fat
old
cant reach bum - caecotrophs gets stuck they also have stupid flap-thing

25
what does trixacarus caviae causes
seizures in all rodents
26
GPs like to get keto-acidosis, why
either preggo and obese - toxic form | fasting and travelling - metabolic form
27
torticollis is another common disease of GPs, whats the aetiology
- strep infection and OI and OM | causes circling, head tilt, rolling, nystagmus..
28
how much vit c do GPs need
10mg/kg/d (30 if preggo or ill) used for collagen synth
29
what are the clinical sigs of hypovit c (scurvy)
11-14d of low vit c - rough hair - lethargy - weakness - ataxic - anorexic - painful joints (bleeding) - gingival haemorrhage - occult blood in poo - hypersaliv
30
what foods have lots of vit c
``` kale parsley beet greens chicory spinach broccoli oranges ```
31
when providing critical care, par-enteral fluids, how much can you give
subq: rats (5-10ml); mice (1-2ml) | intra-peritoneal: rats (10-15ml); mice (1-3ml)
32
what is PLACE, what does it stand for
``` P - enicillins L - incosamides A - minoglycosides C - ephalosporins E - rythromycin ``` ABx- assoc d++ - avoid giving these orally
33
to undertake a cardiac puncture (under GA!) for euthanasia, what needle would you use
25-27G, 1ml syringe | pre-hep
34
how much blood can safely be sampled from a rodentq
70ml/kg (if healthy - and this include extravasc haematoma!)
35
what are the common route of IV meds in rodents - though beware - difficult. IO probs better for fluids..
- lat tail v (rat, mice) | - ear v & lat saphenous (chinchilla, GP)
36
what is unusual about rat/mouse urine
proteinuric
37
between IM and SC which is preferred
SC - same abs, less painful