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Musculoskeletal > Myology of the Back > Flashcards

Myology of the Back Flashcards

Action Innervation Blood Supply

1
Q

What muscles are in layer 1?

A

Trapezius muscle and latissimus dorsi muscle

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2
Q

What is Action (A), Innervation (N), and Blood supply (BS) for the Trapezius muscle?

A

Action:
Whole muscle: rotate point of glenoid cavity superiorly and retract the scapula
Upper fibers: elevate scapula
Lower fibers: depress scapula
With the scapula fixed: When working bilaterally, the upper fibers will extend the neck. When working unilaterally, the upper fibers will laterally flex the neck and rotate the face away.

Innervation: accessory nerve (CN11)
Blood supply: transverse cervical artery

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3
Q

A-N-BS of latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

A: extend, adduct, and medially rotate the humerus; rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly
N: thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)
BS: thoracodorsal artery

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4
Q

What muscles are in layer 2?

A

rhomboid major muscle, rhomboid minor muscle, and levator scapulae muscle

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5
Q

A-N-BS of rhomboid major muscle?

A

A: retract and elevate the scapula and rotate the glenoid cavity inferiorly
N: dorsal scapular nerve (C4&C5)
BS: dorsal scapular artery

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6
Q

A-N-BS of rhomboid minor muscle?

A

A: retract and elevate the scapula and rotate the glenoid cavity inferiorly
N: dorsal scapular nerve (C4&C5)
BS: dorsal scapular artery

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7
Q

A-N-BS of levator scapulae muscle?

A

A: elevate scapula and rotate the glenoid cavity inferiorly. When the scapula is fixed, extend and laterally flex the neck.
N: C3, C4, and C5 (dorsal scapular nerve)
BS: dorsal scapular artery

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8
Q

What muscles are in layer 3?

A

serratus posterior superior muscle and serratus posterior inferior muscle

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9
Q

A-N-BS of serratus posterior superior muscle?

A

A: elevate ribs with forced inspiration
N: intercostal nerves
BS: intercostal arteries

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10
Q

A-N-BS of serratus posterior inferior muscle?

A

A: depress ribs with forced expiration
N: anterior rami
BS: intercostal arteries

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11
Q

What muscles are in layer 4?

A

splenius capitis muscle and splenius cervicis muscle

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12
Q

A-N-BS of splenius capitis muscle?

A

A: When working bilaterally, extend the neck. When working unilaterally, laterally flex the neck and rotate the face toward.
N: posterior rami
BS: muscular branches of the aorta

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13
Q

A-N-BS of splenius cervicis muscle?

A

A: When working bilaterally, extend the neck. When working unilaterally, laterally flex the neck and rotate the face toward.
N: posterior rami
BS: occipital artery and transverse cervical artery

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14
Q

What muscles are in layer 5?

A

Erector spinae group:
Iliocostalis lumborum muscle, iliocostalis thoracis muscle, iliocostalis cervicis muscle.
Longissimus thoracis muscle, longissimus cervicis muscle, longissimus capitis muscle.
Spinalis thoracis muscle, spinalis cervicis muscle, spinalis capitis muscle.

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15
Q

A-N-BS of iliocostalis lumborum muscle?

A

A: When working bilaterally, maintain erect posture and extend the vertebral column and head. When working unilaterally, laterally flex the vertebral column.
N: posterior rami
BS: posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal arteries, and lumbar arteries

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16
Q

A-N-BS of iliocostalis thoracis muscle?

A

A: When working bilaterally, maintain erect posture and extend the vertebral column and head. When working unilaterally, laterally flex the vertebral column.
N: posterior rami
BS: posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal arteries, and lumbar arteries

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17
Q

A-N-BS of iliocostalis cervicis muscle?

A

A: When working bilaterally, maintain erect posture and extend the vertebral column and head. When working unilaterally, laterally flex the vertebral column.
N: posterior rami
BS: occipital artery and posterior intercostal arteries

18
Q

A-N-BS of longissimus thoracis muscle?

A

A: When working bilaterally, maintain erect posture and extend the vertebral column and head. When working unilaterally, laterally flex the vertebral column.
N: posterior rami
BS: posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal arteries, and lumbar arteries

19
Q

A-N-BS of longissimus cervicis muscle?

A

A: When working bilaterally, maintain erect posture and extend the vertebral column and head. When working unilaterally, laterally flex the vertebral column.
N: posterior rami
BS: posterior intercostal arteries

20
Q

A-N-BS of longissimus capitis muscle?

A

A: When working bilaterally, extend the neck. When working unilaterally, laterally flex the neck and rotate the face toward.
N: posterior rami
BS: occipital artery

21
Q

A-N-BS of spinalis thoracis muscle?

A

A: When working bilaterally, maintain erect posture and extend the vertebral column and head. When working unilaterally, laterally flex the vertebral column.
N: posterior rami
BS: posterior intercostal arteries

22
Q

A-N-BS of spinalis cervicis muscle?

A

A: When working bilaterally, maintain erect posture and extend the vertebral column and head. When working unilaterally, laterally flex the vertebral column.
N: posterior rami
BS: posterior intercostal arteries

23
Q

A-N-BS of spinalis capitis muscle?

A

Spinalis capitis is usually absent or blended with spinalis cervicis muscle.

24
Q

What muscles are in layer 6?

A

Transversospinalis group:
Semispinalis thoracis muscle, semispinalis cervicis muscles, semispinalis capitis muscle.
Multifidus lumborum muscle, multifidus thoracis muscle, multifidus cervicis muscle.
Rotatores longus muscle.
Rotatores brevis muscle.

25
Q

A-N-BS of semispinalis thoracis muscle?

A

A: extend spine and rotate spine away
N: posterior rami
BS: deep cervical artery, descending branch of occipital artery, and posterior intercostal arteries.

26
Q

A-N-BS of semispinalis cervicis muscle?

A

A: extend spine and rotate spine away
N: posterior rami
BS: deep cervical artery, descending branch of occipital artery, and posterior intercostal arteries.

27
Q

A-N-BS of semispinalis capitis muscle?

A

A: extend head and rotate face away
N: posterior rami
BS: deep cervical artery and descending branch of occipital artery

28
Q

A-N-BS of multifidus muscles?

A

A: extend spine and rotate spine away
N: posterior rami
BS:
- cervicis: vertebral artery and occipital artery
- thoracis: posterior intercostal arteries
- lumborum: lumbar arteries and lateral sacral artery

29
Q

A-N-BS of rotatores longus muscles?

A

A: extend spine and rotate spine away
N: posterior rami
BS: posterior intercostal arteries

30
Q

A-N-BS of rotatores brevis muscles?

A

A: extend spine and rotate spine away
N: posterior rami
BS: vertebral artery and occipital artery

31
Q

What muscles are entitled the “other deep back muscles”?

A

Interspinalis muscle, intertransversarii muscle, levator costarum longus muscle, and levator costarum brevis muscle.

32
Q

A-N-BS of interspinalis muscle?

A 
A: extend spine
N: posterior rami
BS: 
- cervicis: deep cervical artery
- lumborum: lumbar arteries
33
Q

A-N-BS of intertransversarii muscle?

A 
A: laterally flex the spine
N: anterior rami and posterior rami
BS:
- cervical: branches from subclavian artery
- lumbar: lumbar arteries
34
Q

A-N-BS of levator costarum longus muscle?

A

A: elevate ribs
N: posterior rami
BS: posterior intercostal arteries

35
Q

A-N-BS of levator costarum brevis muscle?

A

A: elevate ribs
N: posterior rami
BS: posterior intercostal arteries

36
Q

What are the muscles in the suboccipital region?

A

Rectus capitis posterior major muscle, rectus capitis posterior minor muscle, obliquus capitis superior muscle, and obliquus capitis inferior muscle.

37
Q

A-N-BS of rectus capitis posterior major muscle?

A

A: extend head and rotate face toward
N: suboccipital nerve
BS: occipital artery

38
Q

A-N-BS of rectus capitis posterior minor muscle?

A

A: extend head
N: suboccipital nerve
BS: vertebral artery and deep descending branch of occipital artery

39
Q

A-N-BS of obliquus capitis superior muscle?

A

A: rotate the face toward
N: suboccipital nerve
BS: vertebral artery and deep descending branch of occipital artery

40
Q

A-N-BS of obliquus capitis inferior muscle?

A

A: extend and laterally flex the head
N: suboccipital nerve
BS: vertebral artery and deep descending branch of occipital artery

Musculoskeletal (4 decks)

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