Myology - Head and Neck Flashcards
Excluded: Ear muscles, Larynx, Pharynx
Sphincter coli superficialis
O: Mid-dorsal raphe
I: Ventral neck/ around lower jaw
A: Move skin of the neck
N: Facial nerve - cranial nerve VII
Platysma
O: Midline of neck
I: Corner of lip and cheek; tenses skin
A: Draw the lips caudally
N: Facial nerve - cranial nerve VII
Sphincter colli profundus
O: Base of ear
I: Caudal part of neck
A: Tense and move neck skin
N: Facial nerve - cranial nerve VII
Orbicularis oris
O: Area surrounding lips
I: Skin of the lips
A: Pursing lips; facial expression
N: Facial nerve - cranial nerve VII
Zygomaticus/ Smiling Muscle
O: Zygomatic arch
I: Angle of mouth
A: Draw mouth caudally and dorsally
N: Facial nerve - cranial nerve VII
Incisivus superioris et inferioris
O: Alveolar borders of the incisive bone and mandible
I: Upper and lower lip
A: moves the lip
N: Facial nerve - cranial nerve VII
Levator labii superioris
O: Orbit
I: Upper lip
A: Elevate and retract superior/ upper lip
N: Facial nerve - cranial nerve VII
Caninus
O: Maxilla
I: nasal ala & upper lip
A: raise upper lip and flare nostrils
N: Facial nerve - cranial nerve VII
Buccinator
O: Mandible and maxilla
I: into orbicularis oris and skin at the corner of mouth
A: Masticatory region of teeth
N: Buccal branches of teeth
Mentalis
O: Near mental symphysis
I: chin
A: elevation of lower lip and cheek
N: Dorsal buccal branch of facial nerve
Levator nasolabialis
O: Maxilla and nasal bone
I: Lateral part of upper lip and nostrils
A: Elevates upper lip and dilates nostrils
N: Facial nerve - cranial nerve VII
Orbicularis oculi
O: Medial palpebral ligament
I: palpebral raphe
A: palpebral fissure/ eyelids
N: cranial nerve VII
Retractor anguli oculi lateralis
O: Zygomatic arch
I: part of lower eyelid
A: retract and elevate lateral part of lower eyelid
N: cranial nerve VII
Levator anguli oculi medialis
O: maxilla
I: medial canthus and skin of upper eyelid
A: Lift medial part of upper eyelid
N: cranial nerve VII
Levator palpebrae superioris
O: apex of orbit
I: upper eyelid
A: elevates palpebrae superioris/ upper eyelid
N: cranial nerve III
Orbitales
O: Medial palpebral ligament/ maxilla
I: lateral palpebral raphe
A: close eyelid
N: cranial nerve VII
Occipitalis
O: nuchal line
I: Galea aponeurotica
A: pull snout posteriorly and elevate eyebrows
N: cranial nerve VII
Masseter
O: zygomatic arch
I: mandible
A: close mouth
N: cranial nerve V
Temporalis
O: parietal, temporal, & occipital bone; temporal fossa
I: Mandible
A: close mouth
N: cranial nerve V
Pterygoideus lateralis
O: sphenoid bone
I: mandible
A: side to side movement & closing
N: cranial nerve V
Pterygoideus medialis
O: pterygoid, palatine, & sphenoid
I: mandible
A: side to side movement & closing
N: cranial nerve V
Digastricus
O: occiput/ occipital bone
I: mandible
A: open mouth
N: cranial nerve V
Dorsal oblique/ Superior oblique
O: optic canal
I: Sclera
A: rotate the eyeball
N: cranial nerve IV
Ventral oblique/ Inferior oblique
O: between the palatine, lacrimal, and maxillary bones
I: Sclera
A: rotate the eyeballs
N: cranial nerve III
Dorsal rectus
O: optic canal
I: sclera
A: produce mvement of eyeball
N: cranial nerve III - Oculomotor nerve
Ventral rectus
O: bottom of orbital cavity
I: sclera
A: movement of eyeball
N: cranial nerve VI
Lateral rectus
O: optic canal
I: sclera
A: moves the eye laterally, side to side
N: cranial nerve VI
Medial rectus
O: common ring tendon
I: area between sclera and cornea
A: movement of eye
N: cranial nerve III
Retractor bulbi
O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera
A: retract eyeball to normal position
N: cranial nerve VI
Orbicularis
O: frontal maxilla
I: palpebra
A: Orbital part: closes eyelids tightly;
palpebral part: closes eyelids gently;
deep palpebral part: compresses lacrimal sac
N: Facial facial nerve (cranial nerve VII)
Styloglossus
O: stylohyoid bone
I: tongue
A: depress tongue
N: cranial nerve XII
Genioglossus
O: Mandible
I: Tongue & hyoid bone
A: Extend & depress tongue
N: cranial nerve XII
Lingual proper (tongue itself)
O: tongue
I: tongue
A: complex movement of tongue
N: cranial nerve XII
Sternohyoideus
O: Sternum
I: Basihyoid
A: Pull basihyoid bone & tongue caudally
N: Cervical spinal nerve; sometimes Cranial nerve XII
Thyrohyoideus
O: Thyroid cartilage
I: Hyoid bone
A: draw hyoid caudally & dorsally
N: CN XII (mainly); sometimes cervical spinal nerve
Mylohyoideus
O: Mylohyoid line of mandible | Simply put: mandible
I: Basihyoid
A: Raise floor of mouth & draw hyoid apparatus rostrally
N: Cranial nerve V
Ceratohyoideus
O: Stylohyoid bone
I: Ceratohyoid bone
A: Decrease angle of stylohyoid & ceratohyoid
N: Cranial nerve IX
Geniohyoideus
O: Intermandibular articulation
I: Basihyoid bone
A: draw hyoid apparatus cranially
N: Cranial nerve XII
Occipitohyoideus
O: Occiput/ Occipital bone
I: Stylohyoid bone
A: Move stylohoid bone caudally
N: Cranial nerve VII
Stylohyoideus
O: Temporal bone
I: Hyoid apparatus
A: Elevate & draw hyoid bone
N:Cranial nerve VII
Rectus capitis ventralis
O: atlas
I: basioccipital bone
A: flexion of atlanto-occipital joint
N: cervical spinal nerve
Rectus capitis dorsalis major
O: axis
I: occipital bone
A: extension of atlanto-occipital joint
N: cervical spinal nerve
Rectus capitis dorsalis minor
O: axis
I: occipital bone
A: extension of atlanto-occipital joint
N: cervical spinal nerve
Rectus capitis lateralis
O: wing of atlas
I: paracondylar process of occipital bone
A: flexion of atlanto-occipital joint
N: cervical spinal nerve
obliquus capitis cranialis
O: atlas
I: occipital bone
A: rotation and lateral flexion of head
N: cervical spinal nerve
obliquus capitis caudalis
O: axis
I: occiput/ occipital bone
A: extension and lateral flexion of head
N: cervical spinal nerve
splenius capitis
O: spinous process of cervical & thoracic vertebrae
I: mastoid process of temporal bone
A: movement of head & neck
N: cervical spinal nerve
longus capitis
O: transverse process of cervical vertebrae
I: occipital bone
A: flexion of the head & neck
N: cervical spinal nerve
