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NBS Part One- General Anatomy > Myology Appendicular Skeleton > Flashcards

Myology Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 muscles are Rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

“SITS”

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2
Q

What is the blood supply to rotator cuff muscles Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular

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3
Q

What is the blood supply to rotator cuff muscles Teres Minor?

A

Scapular Circumflex

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4
Q

What is the blood supply to rotator cuff muscles Subscapularis?

A

Lateral Thoracic and subscapular

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5
Q

What is the nerve supply and action to rotator cuff muscle supraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular Nerve and Abduction (15-20 degrees)

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6
Q

What is the nerve supply and action to rotator cuff muscle Infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular Nerve and External (Lateral) rotation

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7
Q

What is the nerve supply and action to rotator cuff muscle Teres minor?

A

Axillary Nerve and External (Lateral) Rotation

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8
Q

What is the nerve supply and action to rorator cuff muscle Subscapularis?

A

Subscapular Nerve and Internal (Medial) Rotation

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9
Q

What is the origin/insertion for Supraspinatus?

A

Fossa of scapula/ Greater tubercle of humerus

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10
Q

What is the orgin/insertion for Infraspinatus?

A

Fossa of Scapula/ Greater tubercle of humerus

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11
Q

What is the Origin/insertion for Teres minor?

A

Lateral border dorsal scapula/greater tubercle of humerus

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12
Q

What is the orgin/insertion for subscapularis?

A

Subscapular fossa of scapula/lesser tubercle of humerus

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13
Q

What is the only rotator cuff muscle that attaches on the lesser tubercle of humerus (all others greater)?

A

Subscapularis Muscle

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14
Q

What is the nerve and action of the Latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve, Extension and internal rotation of arm

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15
Q

What is the nerve and action of the Trapezius?

A

Spinal accessory Nerve, Adducts Scapula

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16
Q

What is the nerve and action of the Rhomboid?

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve, Scapular retraction

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17
Q

What is the nerve and action of the Serratus Anterior?

A

Long Thoracic Nerve, adheres scapula to chest wall

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18
Q

What is the nerve and action of the deltoid?

A

Axillary Nerve, abduction of arm

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19
Q

What is the nerve and action of Teres major?

A

Subscapular Nerve, Extension, medial rotation, and adducts arm

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20
Q

What is the nerve and action of pectoralis minor?

A

Medial pectoral nerve, draws scapula forward

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21
Q

What is the orgin/insertion of Rhomboid?

A

Minor origin: SP of C7 and T1
Major origin: SP of T2-T5
Inserts: scapula

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22
Q

What is the orgin/insertion of Deltoid muscle?

A

Origin: Trapezius, clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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23
Q

What muscles does the musculocutaneous Nerve supply?

A

Biceps brachii (2 muscle bellies)
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

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24
Q

What muscle does the radial nerve supply?

A

brachioradialis

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25
Q

What muscle does the median nerve supply?

A

Pronator teres

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26
Q

What muscles do the brachial artery supply?

A

Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Coracobrachialis

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27
Q

What muscles do the Ulnar artery supply?

A

Pronator teres

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28
Q

What is the action of the biceps brachii?

A

Flexes elbow and supinates forearm

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29
Q

What is the action of the brachialis and brachioradialis?

A

Flexes elbow

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30
Q

What is the action of the coracobrachialis?

A

Flexes and adducts arm

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31
Q

What is the action of the Pronator teres?

A

Pronates forearm

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32
Q

What is the Origin/Insertion of the biceps brachii?

A

Short head origin: Coracoid process
Long head origin: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Shot head insertion: capsule
Long head insertion: radial tuberosity

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33
Q

What is the origin/insertion of the brachialis?

A

Origin: Humerus
Insertion: Tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna

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34
Q

What is the origin/insertion of the pronator teres?

A

Origin: Humeral and ulnar head
Insertion: Radius

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35
Q

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the arm?

A 
Biceps brachii
brachialis
brachioradialis
coracobrachialis
pronator teres
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36
Q

What muscles are in the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Triceps and anconeus

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37
Q

What is the nerve, blood supply, and action to the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Nerve: Radial
Blood: Brachial artery
Action: Extension

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38
Q

What is the insertion of the posterior compartment arm muscles?

A

The olecranon process of the ulna

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39
Q

What are the anterior forearm muscles?

A 
Biceps brachii
Flexor radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum Profundus
Pronator teres
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Palmaris Longus
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40
Q

What muscles of the anterior forearm does the median nerve supply?

A

Flexor radialis
Pronator teres
flexor pollicis longus
Palmaris longus

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41
Q

what muscle of the anterior forearm does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?

A

Biceps brachii

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42
Q

What muscle of the anterior forearm does the ulnar nerve supply?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris (2)

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43
Q

What muscle in the anterior forearm is unique in that 1/2 is supplied by median nerve and 1/2 is supplied by Ulnar

A

Flexor digitorum profundus

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44
Q

What is the action of the biceps brachii?

A

flexes elbow and supinates forearm

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45
Q

What is the action of the Flexor radialis?

A

Flexes and abducts wrist (radial deviation)

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46
Q

What is the action of the flexor carpi ulnaris (2)?

A

Flexes and adducts wrist (Ulnar deviation)

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47
Q

What is the action of the Flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Flexes DIP, PIP, MCP

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48
Q

What is the action of the Pronator teres?

A

to pronate the forearm and flex the elbow

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49
Q

What is the action of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

flexes distal thumb

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50
Q

What is the action of the palmaris longus?

A

wrist flexor

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51
Q

What is the blood supply to ALL the muscles of the Anterior forearm?

A

Ulnar Artery

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52
Q

What is the insertion of the Biceps brachii?

A

Radius tuberosity

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53
Q

What is the origin of the Flexor radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus

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54
Q

Where do the two heads of the Flexor carpi ulnaris attach?

A

The humeral head attaches to medial epicondyle

Second head attaches to Ulna

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55
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Palmer surface distal 2-5 phalanges

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56
Q

What is the origin of the pronator teres?

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus and coonoid of ulna

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57
Q

What is the origin/Insertion of the flexor pollicius longus?

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Palmer aponeurosis

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58
Q

What muscles are in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris

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59
Q

What muscles does the radial nerve supply on the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

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60
Q

What does the Posterior Interosseous Nerve supply on the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris

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61
Q

What are the actions of the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis?

A

Extends and abducts wrist

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62
Q

What is the action of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Extends and Adducts wrist

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63
Q

What is the origin of the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

64
Q

What are the insertions for the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis?

A

Longus: Base of 2nd metacarpal
Brevis: Base of 3rd metacarpal

65
Q

What is the insertion for extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Base of 5th metacarpal

66
Q

What muscle is the floor of the pelvic cavity?

A

Levator ani

67
Q

What nerve innervates the levator ani?

A

pudendal plexus

68
Q

What is the blood supply to the levator ani?

A

Internal pudendal artery

Inferior rectal artery

69
Q

What is the action of the levator ani?

A

Constricts rectum and vagina cavity

70
Q

What is the orgin and insertion of the levator ani?

A

Origin: Pubis, ischial spine
Insertion: coccyx

71
Q

What is the innvervation to the coccygeus muscle?

A

pudendal plexus

72
Q

Whah is the blood supply to the coccygeus muscle?

A

internal pudendal artery
inferior rectal artery
inferior gluteal artery

73
Q

What is the action of the coccegeus?

A

pulls forward and supports coccyx

74
Q

What is the orgin/insertion of the coccygeus?

A

Origin: Ischial spine
Insertion: coccyx

75
Q

What nerve innervates the transverse perineri profudus muscle?

A

Branch of pudendal Nerve

76
Q

What is the look supply to the Transverse perinei profundus?

A

Internal pudendal nerve

77
Q

What are the 2 actions (male, female) of the transerse perinei profundus?

A

Female:It assists perineal body, helps sphincter action and supports vagina
Male: Assists perineal body, helps sphincter action, supports prostate

78
Q

What is the longest muscle?

A

Sartorius

79
Q

What is the shortest muscle?

A

Stapedius

80
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A 
Rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
sartorius
Iliopsoas= iliacus + psoas
81
Q

What nerve and blood supplies ALL the muscles of the anterior thigh?

A

Femoral Nerve and Femoral Artery

82
Q

What muscle extends the leg and flexes the thigh?

A

Rectus femoris

83
Q

What muscleS extend the leg?

A

Vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius

84
Q

What muscle flexes the hip and knee, and externally rotates the thigh?

A

Sartorius

85
Q

What muscle is primary for hip flexion?

A

Iliopsoas= Iliacus + psoas

86
Q

What muscle as its origin at the AIIS and insertion at the patella?

A

Rectus femoris

87
Q

What muscle has its origin at the greater trochanter and insertion at the patella?

A

Vastus lateralis

88
Q

What muscle has its origin at the linea aspera and insertion in the patella?

A

Vastus medialis

89
Q

What muscle has its origin in the femur and insertion at the patella?

A

Vastus intermedius

90
Q

What muscle originates at the ASIS and inserts at the tibia?

A

Iliopsoas (iliacus and psoas)

91
Q

What is the “tailor’s muscle”

A

Where the rectus femoris and sartorius cross two joints

92
Q

what are the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Adductors
Gracilis
Pectineus

93
Q

What nerve and blood vessel supply the adductors of the thigh?

A

Obturator nerve and obturator artery

94
Q

What nerve and blood vessel supply the gracilis?

A

Obturator Nerve and Obturator artery

95
Q

What nerve and blood vessel supply the pectineus?

A

The femoral and some obturator nerve

Obturator artery

96
Q

What muscle adducts the thigh?

A

Adductors

97
Q

What muscle adducts the thigh and flexes the leg?

A

Gracilis

98
Q

What muscle adducts, flexes and laterally rotates the thigh?

A

Pectineus

99
Q

What is the origin/insertion of the adductor muscles?

A

origin: Ramus pubis
insertion: linea aspera

100
Q

what is the origin/insertion of gracilis?

A

origin: public symphysis
insertion: tibia

101
Q

What is the origin/insertion of the pectineus?

A

origin: pubis
insertion: linea aspera

102
Q

What is the first thing you should think when you say pudendal?

A

PELVIS!

103
Q

What is the name for the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Hamstring Group

104
Q

What is the name for the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Quadriceps

105
Q

What are the hamstring muscles?

A

Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
semimembranous

106
Q

What is the nerve and blood supply to the handstring muscles?

A

Tibial Nerve

Deep femoral Artery

107
Q

What is the action of the biceps femoris heads?

A

Flexes and laterally rotates the knee, and extends the thigh

108
Q

What is the action of the semitendinosus and semimembranosus?

A

Flexes and medially rotates the knee, and extends the thigh

109
Q

What are the origin/insertions of the long and short head of biceps femoris?

A

long: O- ischial tuberosity I- Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
short: O- Linea aspira I: Head of Fibula

110
Q

What are the three adductor muscles?

A

Adductor magnus
adductor longus
adductor brevis

111
Q

What muscle overlies the adductor brevis and longus?

A

Pectineus

112
Q

What is the origin and insertion for BOTH semitendinosus and semimembranosus?

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Tibia

113
Q

What group of muscles is near the popliteal pulse?

A

Hamstring musles (bend of knee)

114
Q

What are the muscles in the lateral compart of the thigh?

A

Tensor fascia lata
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
glutenus maximus

115
Q

what is the nerve supply to the tensor fascia lata and gluteus medius and minimus?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

116
Q

What is the nerve supply to the gluteus maximus?

A

inferior gluteal nerve

117
Q

What is the blood supply to all 4 of the lateral thigh muscles (Gluts TFL)

A

Inferior gluteal Artery

118
Q

What is the action of the tensor fascia lata?

A

abduction
lateral rotation of knee
extends the thigh

119
Q

what is the action of the gluteus medius and minimus?

A

abudction and medial rotation of hips

120
Q

What is the action of the gluteus maximus?

A

extension and lateral rotation of hips

121
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Tensor fascia lata?

A

origin: ilium
insertion: iliotibial tract

122
Q

what is the origin and insertion for BOTH gluteus medius and minimus?

A

origin: ilium
insertion: greater trochanter

123
Q

what is the origin and insertion of the gluteus maximus?

A

Origin: sacrum, coccyx, posterior gluteal line, sacrospinalis tendon, sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: gluteal tuberosity of femur

124
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus

125
Q

What is the nerve and blood supply to ALL of the anterior leg muscles?
1. Tibialis anterior
2,. Extensor digitorum longus
3. Extensor hallucis longus

A

Deep peroneal Nerve (aka anterior tibial nerve)

Anterior tibial artery

126
Q

What do all three muscles of the anotherior leg do?

A

Dorsiflexion, and internal rotation

127
Q

What are the actions of the extensor digitorum longus?

A

Dorsilfexion, internal rotation, and everts foot

128
Q

What are the actions of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Dorsiflexion, internal rotation, extension

129
Q

what are the actions of the tibialis anterior?

A

Dorsiflexion, and internal rotation

130
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the tibialis anterior?

A

Origin: tibia
Insertion: medial cuneiform

131
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the extensor digitorum longus?

A

Origin: tibia
insertion: distal lateral 4 toes

132
Q

What is the orgin and insertion of the extensor hallucis longus?

A

Origin: fibula
Insertion: distal great toe

133
Q

what are the posterior leg muscles?

A

Gastrocnemius
soleus
popliteus
plantaris

134
Q

What is the nerve and blood supply to ALL the posterior leg muscles?

A

Tibial nerve

posterior tibial artery

135
Q

What is the action of the gastrocnemius?

A

Plantar flexes the foot and flexes the knee

136
Q

What is the action of the soleus?

A

plantar flexes the foot

137
Q

what is the action of the popliteus?

A

Flexes and rotates the leg medially to unlock the knee from full extension

138
Q

What is the action of the plantaris?

A

plantar flex the foot

139
Q

what muscle in the anterior leg crosses two joints?

A

Gastrocnemius

140
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the gastrocnemius?

A

Origin: Medial and lateral condyle
Insertion: Calaneus

141
Q

what is the origin and insertion of the soleus?

A

origin: fibula-tibia
insertion: calcaneus

142
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the popliteus?

A

origin: lateral condyle of femur
Insertion: tibia

143
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the plantaris?

A

Origin: lateral femur
insertion: calcaneus

144
Q

What are the lateral leg muscles?

A

Peroneus longus

peroneus brevis

145
Q

what is the nerve supply to the lateral leg muscles?

A

Superficial peroneal Nerve (aka fibular nerve)

Anterial tibial artery/peroneal artery

146
Q

What is the action of BOTH lateral leg muscles?

-peroneus longus and brevis

A

plantar flexion the foot and evert foot

147
Q

What is the orgin and insertion of the peroneus longus?

A

origin: laterial tibia-fibula
insertion: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

148
Q

What type of muscle are myoblasts made of?

A

smooth or cardiac muscle

149
Q

What is myoblasts a derivative of?

A

Embryonic mesoderm

150
Q

What type of muscle are mesodermal “blocks” (somites) made of?

A

skeletal muscle

151
Q

What is the structure of skeletal muscle?

A

Striated and multinucleated

152
Q

What is the structure of cardiac muscle?

A

straited, uninucleated at intercalated discs

smooth: spindle shaped with central nuclei

153
Q

what is agonistic?

A

a prime mover

154
Q

what is synergistic?

A

supports movement

155
Q

what is antagonistic?

A

opposite mover

NBS Part One- General Anatomy (1 decks)

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