Myofascial Release Flashcards
What is fascia
ubiquitous connective tissue enrobing the body in a big bandage contributing to form and function
What results from the derangement of fascia
somatic dysfunction
What is somatic dysfunction
It is an impaired or altered function of related components of the somatic (body framework) system: skeletal, arthrodial, and myofascial structures, and related vascular, lymphatic and neural elements
What are the signs of somatic dysfunction
TART changes tissue texture assymmetry restricted ROM tenderness
What is the goal of OMT
restore homeostasis
What is homeostasis
both a state of equilibrium and the process by which balance is maintained. It is a dynamic, ever adapting and changing series of events responding to internal and external environmental changes
What are the osteopathic principles
- the body is a unit
- structure and function are interrelated
- the body possesses self regulatory mechanisms
- the body has the inherent capacity to defend and repair itself
- Abnormal pressure in one part of the body produces abnormal pressures and strains upon other parts of the body
- When normal adaptability is disrupted, or when environmental changes overcome the body’s capacity for self-maintenance, disease may ensue
What are the functions of fascia
packaging
protection
posture
passageway
How does fascia aid in protection
establishes limits by stabilizing joints, bony tissue, and body area
How does fascia aid in posture
sense of body movements
How does fascia aid is passageway
for somatic and autonomic n, arteries, veins, and lymphatics
What are the physical properties of muscle
irritability contractility relaxation distensibility elasticity
What is the physical property of irritability
ability of the muscle fiber to react to stimulation
What is the physical property of contractility
ability to actively create tension between its origin and insertion
What is the physical property of relaxation
ability to reduce tension between origin and insertion
What is the physical property of distensibility
ability of the associated CT to be stretched or deformed by and outside force and if the force does not exceed the tensile strength of the CT, the muscle will not be injured
What is the physical property of elasticity
ability of the CT to return to its original resting shape when forces are removed
Chart the force effects in CT
Plastic deformation elastic deformation viscosity stress strain creep hysteresis or stress strain
What is plastic deformation
a stressed, formed, or molded tissue preserves its new shape
What is elastic deformation
a stressed, formed, or molded tissue recovers its original shape
What is viscosity
capability of a solid to continually yield under stress with a measurable rate of deformation
What is stress
effect of force normalized over an area
What is strain
a change in shape as a result of stress
What is creep
continued deformation of a viscoelastic material under constant load over time
What is hysteresis or stress-strain
a ct response to unloading and loading where the restoration of the final length of the tissue occurs at a rate and to an extent less than during deformation, representing energy loss in the CT
What is Hooke’s Law
stress applied to stretch or compress a body is proportional to the strain, or change in length thus produced, so long as the limit of elasticity of the body is not exceeded
What will result from edema caused by trauma
fibrin and collagen to be deposited in a thick and haphazard scar, these thickened areas impede normal function of the linear sheets of fascia causing stiffness, change in ROM, pain, and further edema
What will result from trauma
trauma patterns affect the whole system
What will result from mechanical tension
creates bioelectric current changes that guide the orientation of the fibrin and collagen
What substance within the body is piezoelectric
collagen
What is the largest collagen pool in the body
fascia
What is the function of fibroblasts
prepare and secrete collagen, elastin, and other proteoglycans
What is ground substance
all CT have a spatial fill-in-material, ground substance, which is a mixture macromolecules, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins
What is Wolff’s law of bone transformation
every change in the function of bone is followed by certain definite changes in internal architecture and external conformation in accordance with mathematical laws
What is the charge of GAGS and what do they bind
large net negative charge and can bind large amounts of water
What is myofascial release
engages continual palpatory feedback to achieve release of myofascial tissues
What are soft tissue techniques
inhibitory pressure, stretching, kneading, petrissage, skin rolling, deep friction, tapotment, and effleurage
Describe the type of palpation used in myofascial release
asymmetric motion and position of components of the musculoskeletal system are readily identified through palpation
layered palpation with minimal to moderate pressure
What is direct technique of myofascial release
restrictive barrier is identified, engaged with a loaded constant directional force until the tissue releases and motion is restored
What is indirect technique of myofascial release
tissue position of ease is identified, engaged with a directed pressure guided the tissues along the line of least resistance until free movement of all tissues is achieved
What are release enhancing mechanisms
activating forces
What is inherent (intrinsic) force
using the body’s natural tendency to seek homeostasis, rhythmic activity in all tissues that works to improve the hydrodynamics and bioenergetic factors around restricted tissues and articulations
What is respiratory force? (cooperation/assist)
full cycle respiratory effort, particular phase of respiration, breath holding, coughing/sniffing
What are the different types of activating forces
inherent force respiratory force patient cooperation physician guided force spring/vibration
What is patient cooperation activating force
patient requested to move in specific directions
What is physician guided force
physician sequentially guides the tissue/joint through various positions following a shifting pattern of easy motion
- neutral point used in function techniques
What is springing/vibration activating force
applying variable degrees of pressure and or frequency of force with the hands or percussion hammer
What are the goals of MFR
relaxation of contracted muscles
increase circulation to area of ischemia
increase venous and lymphatic drainage thereby decreasing local swelling and edema
a stimulatory reflex on the stretch reflex in hypotonic muscles
What are the different models of MFR
biomechanical
fascial continuum
bioenergetic
What is the proposed mechanism of action of MFR
muscle spindle
golgi tendon organ reflex
reciprocal inhibition
crossed extensor reflex
What are the patterns of fascial strain
80% of patients follow common compensatory pattern
Most frequently affected areas of restriction found at transition zones and alternate from side to side
What type of patient will have a tissue reaction and what is the treatment
tissue reaction post treatment is possible especially in non-active patient and uncontrolled diabetic, usually treated with increasing water and applying ice
What are the contraindications for MFR
absolute and relative
What are the absolute contraindications for MFR
absence of somatic dysfunction, lack of patient consent or cooperation
What are the relative contraindications for MFR
open wounds, fractures, dislocations, recent surgery’s cute sprain/strain, DVT, malignancy, osteoporosis, infection
