Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 3 Haem > Myeloma > Flashcards

Myeloma Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pathogenesis of blood cancers?

A

Acquired somatic DNA damage in lympo-hhaemopoietic precursor cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How is myeloma diagnosed?

A 
Calcium elevated
Renal impairment
Anaemia
Bone lesions
\+ Monoclonal protein
Infection susceptibility 
CRABI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does hypercalceamia present with?

A 
Drowsiness
Constipation
Fatigue
Muscle weakness 
AKI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is multiple myeloma?

A

Haematological cancer

Clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is multiple myeloma diagnosed?

A

Serum and urine protein electrophoresis (IgG/A)
Bone marrow examination
Whole body low dose CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the treatment in transplant candidates with good performance status?

A

Induction therapy prior to stem cell transplant e.g. thalidomide and dexamethasone

Stem cell transplant

Bisphosphonates

Analgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the treatment in non-transplant candidates performance status?

A

Supportive care
Bisphosphonates
Analgesics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What would myeloma show on a blood film?

A

Rouleaux formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a common presentation of Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

A

Painless cervical and/or supraclavicular lymphadenopathy in a young adult

FLAWS in advances disease and 30% of pts

Normocytic anaemia, eosinophilia, raised LDH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

A

uncommon haematological malignancy arising from mature B cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are RFs for Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

A

History of EBV infection
FH
YA in higher socio economic classes
in 30s or 70s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What investigations should be done in Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

A

PET-CT
Excisional lymph node biopsy essential (reed-sternberg cell)
FBC - Low Hb
ESR raised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How can Hodgkin’s lymphoma be staged?

A 
Ann-Arbor staging
I: single lymph node
II: 2 or more lymph nodes/regions on same side of diaphragm
III: nodes on both sides of diaphragm
IV: spread beyond lymph nodes

Each stage can be A or B
A = no systemic symptoms
B = FLAWS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the management for classical HL?

A

Chemotherapy +/- radiotherapy

Favourable:
ABVD - Doxorubicin (Adriamycin), Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Dacarbazine

OR

BEACOPP - Bleomycin, Etoposide, Doxorubicin, Cyclophophamide, Vincristine, Procarbazine, Prednisolone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Non-hodgkins lymphoma?

A

eterogeneous group of malignancies of the lymphoid system

most common is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are symptoms of Non-hodgkins lymphoma?

A

FLAWS
Lymphadenopathy
Splenomegaly

17
Q

What are RFs for NHL?

A 
>50 years
Male
EBV
Coeliac
Helicobacter pylori
HIV
18
Q

What investigations are done for NHL?

A

FBC - possible thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, lymphocytosis

Blood smear - Nucleated RBCs, left shift

+ve lymph/bone marrow/skin node biopsy

Elevated LDH

Year 3 Haem (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions