Mycoplasma

Question 1

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 1

• Disease
  
  • Atypical pneumoniae
  • Mild bronchitis
  • Pharyngitis
  • Non-purulent otitis media
• Toxins
  
  • Peroxides and Superoxides
• Treatment
  
  • Doxycycline (a member of the tetracyclines)
  • Axithromycin (a derivative of erythromycin which inhibits bacterial translation.

Question 2

Chlamydiae

Answer 2

• Treatment
  
  • Tetracyclines and Azithromycin

Question 3

Chlamydia psittaci

Answer 3

• Treatmen: Doxycycline & Erythromycin
  
  • Drugs are bacteriostatic, not bacteriocidal

Question 4

Tuberculosis Treatment

Answer 4

Chemotherapeutic Drugs

• First line drugs
  
  1. Isoniazid (INH)
  2. Rifampin
  3. Streptomycin
  4. Pyrazinamide
  5. Ethambutol
• Because of multiple drug resistant strains are often present, it is standard procedure to prescribe mutliple drugs

Vaccine

• Bacille-Calmette Guerine
• Anttenuated M. bovis
• in US, only for people at high risk jobs or high risk areas for developing MDR-TB

Question 5

Mycobacterium Leprae

Answer 5

Introduction

• Hansen disease
• Replicates in skin histocytes (tissue macrophage)
• Nerve cells (Schwann cells)
• Transmission is person to person (exudate to abraded skin)

Treatment

• Sulfones
• Dapsone
• Rifampin
• Clofazamine
• Combination therapy
• Prolonged therapy

Clinical Significance

• Tuberculoid leprosy
  
  • Lesions occur as maculae in cool areas of skin (ear, nose, testicles)
  • Cell mediated immunity
  • Delayed hypersensitivity
  • Detected by skin test using lepromin
• Lepromatous leprosy
  
  • Slow, but progressive
  • Large numbers of organisms present
  • Severly depressed immunity