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Micro > Mycology And Virology > Flashcards

Mycology And Virology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of bacteria called?

A

Bacteriology

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2
Q

True or False: Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms.

A

True

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3
Q

What is the shape of spherical bacteria?

A

Coccus

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4
Q

What is the shape of rod-shaped bacteria?

A

Bacillus

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5
Q

What is the term for spiral-shaped bacteria?

A

Spirillum

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6
Q

Which type of bacteria forms pairs?

A

Diplococci

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7
Q

What is the term for chains of bacteria?

A

Streptococci

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8
Q

Which bacteria form clusters?

A

Staphylococci

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9
Q

What is the outermost layer of a bacterial cell called?

A

Cell wall

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10
Q

What is the genetic material of bacteria called?

A

DNA

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11
Q

What is the process of bacterial reproduction called?

A

Binary fission

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12
Q

Which bacteria require oxygen to survive?

A

Obligate aerobes

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13
Q

What type of bacteria can survive in the absence of oxygen?

A

Facultative anaerobes

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14
Q

True or False: Bacteria can be classified based on their staining properties.

A

True

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15
Q

What is the name of the stain used in Gram staining?

A

Crystal violet

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16
Q

Which type of bacteria retain the crystal violet stain in Gram staining?

A

Gram-positive bacteria

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17
Q

What color do Gram-negative bacteria appear after Gram staining?

A

Pink

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18
Q

What is the term for bacteria that require high salt concentrations to grow?

A

Halophiles

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19
Q

Which bacteria can survive in extreme pH conditions?

A

Acidophiles

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20
Q

What is the term for bacteria that can live in very hot environments?

A

Thermophiles

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21
Q

True or False: Bacteria are unicellular organisms.

A

True

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22
Q

What is the structure in bacteria that contains the genetic material?

A

Nucleoid

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23
Q

Which bacterial structure helps in locomotion?

24
Q

What is the protective structure formed by some bacteria in unfavorable conditions?

25
Q

What is the term for bacteria that can live in the absence of oxygen but prefer its presence?

A

Microaerophiles

26
Q

Which bacteria can live in the intestines of humans and animals?

A

Enteric bacteria

27
Q

What is the name of the process by which bacteria convert nitrogen gas into ammonia?

A

Nitrogen fixation

28
Q

Which bacteria cause diseases in humans?

A

Pathogenic bacteria

29
Q

What is the term for bacteria that help in the decomposition of organic matter?

A

Decomposers

30
Q

True or False: Bacteria can be beneficial for humans.

31
Q

Which bacteria are used in the production of yogurt and cheese?

A

Lactic acid bacteria

32
Q

What is the name of the process by which bacteria produce energy without oxygen?

A

Fermentation

33
Q

Which bacteria are used in the production of antibiotics?

A

Streptomyces

34
Q

What is the term for bacteria that are resistant to the effects of antibiotics?

A

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria

35
Q

True or False: Bacteria can exchange genetic material through conjugation.

36
Q

Which bacteria are capable of photosynthesis?

A

Photosynthetic bacteria

37
Q

What is the name of the process by which bacteria transfer DNA to another bacterium through a phage?

A

Transduction

38
Q

Which bacteria are responsible for dental cavities?

A

Streptococcus mutans

39
Q

What is the term for bacteria that live in extreme saline conditions?

A

Halophiles

40
Q

Which bacteria are responsible for the formation of yogurt?

A

Lactobacillus bulgaricus

41
Q

What is the protein component of bacterial flagella called?

42
Q

Which bacteria are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form?

43
Q

What is the term for bacteria that grow best in the absence of oxygen but can tolerate its presence?

A

Facultative anaerobes

44
Q

Which bacteria are responsible for causing tuberculosis?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

45
Q

What is the name of the protein used by bacteria to adhere to surfaces?

46
Q

Which bacteria are responsible for causing food poisoning?

A

Salmonella

47
Q

What is the name of the structure that allows bacteria to attach to surfaces?

48
Q

Which bacteria are responsible for causing cholera?

A

Vibrio cholerae

49
Q

What is the term for bacteria that can live in extreme heat conditions?

A

Thermophiles

50
Q

Which bacteria are responsible for causing urinary tract infections?

A

Escherichia coli

51
Q

What is the name of the process by which bacteria transfer genetic material through direct contact?

A

Conjugation

52
Q

Which bacteria are responsible for causing pneumonia?

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

53
Q

What is the term for bacteria that can live in extreme cold conditions?

A

Psychrophiles

54
Q

Which bacteria are responsible for causing strep throat?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

55
Q

What is the name of the process by which bacteria take up DNA from their environment?

A

Transformation

Micro (1 decks)

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