Mycobacterium

Question 1

Mycobacterium Gram Stain

Answer 1

Gram-positive

Question 2

Mycobacterium Oxygen Requirement

Answer 2

Aerobic

Question 3

This makes Mycobacterium difficult to stain but also difficult to decolorize

Answer 3

Mycolic acid

Question 4

Primary cause of pulmonary TB in humans

Answer 4

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 5

Type of media is required for Mycobacterium growth

Answer 5

Whole egg-based media

Question 6

Mycobacterium species that cause TB in cattle and intestinal TB in humans

Answer 6

Mycobacterium bovis

Question 7

Hansen’s disease also known as?

Answer 7

Leprosy

Question 8

Process of maintaining Mycobacterium leprae for laboratory studies?

Answer 8

Using mice foot pads or armadillo foot pads

Question 9

M. leprae Microscopic Arrangement

Answer 9

cigar packet arrangement

Question 10

Ziehl-Neelsen Stain Primary Dye

Answer 10

carbol fuchsin

Question 11

Ziehl-Neelsen Mordant

Answer 11

heat or steam

Question 12

Acid-fast Decolorizer

Answer 12

3% acid alcohol

Question 13

Ziehl-Neelsen Counterstain

Answer 13

methylene blue or malachite green

Question 14

Acid-fast Staining Result

Answer 14

red against a blue background

Question 15

Fluorochrome Staining Advantage

Answer 15

allows examination of smears under low power objectives

Question 16

Fluorochrome Stain Primary Dye

Answer 16

auramine rhodamine stain

Question 17

Gold Standard for TB Diagnosis

Answer 17

Culture

Question 18

Primary TB Drugs

Answer 18

Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, and Streptomycin (RIPES)

Question 19

MDR TB

Answer 19

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) refers to tuberculosis that is resistant to at least two of the primary TB drugs

Question 20

XDR TB

Answer 20

Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB) is resistant to first-line TB drugs, fluoroquinolones, and at least one second-line TB drug

Question 21

Mantoux Test

Answer 21

A skin test that indicates exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis through an intradermal injection of PPD (purified protein derivative)

Question 22

Niacin Test Reagent

Answer 22

cyanogen bromide

Question 23

Positive Niacin Test Result

Answer 23

yellow color

Question 24

Nitrate Reduction Test

Answer 24

distinguishes M. tuberculosis (positive) from M. bovis (negative)

Question 25

Iron Uptake Test Medium

Answer 25

uses Lowenstein Jensen Media

Question 26

Arylsulfatase Test Purpose

Answer 26

identifies rapid growers such as M. fortuitum and M. chelonae

Question 27

Positive Pyrazinamidase Test

Answer 27

shows the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 28

Heat Stable Catalase Test Result

Answer 28

produces vigorous bubbling

Question 29

Tween 80 Hydrolysis Test

Answer 29

used to identify M. kansasii within 6 days

Question 30

Tellurite Reduction Test Reagent

Answer 30

tellurite

Question 31

M. avium in AIDS

Answer 31

number one NTM (non-tuberculous Mycobacterium) causing TB in AIDS patients

Question 32

M. fortuitum-chelonae Complex Detection

Answer 32

MacConkey agar without crystal violet is used to detect the M. fortuitum-chelonae complex

Question 33

M. tuberculosis Virulence Factors

Answer 33

cord factor and sulfatides

Question 34

BCG Vaccine

Answer 34

prevent tuberculosis and is derived from M. bovis

Question 35

Buruli Ulcer

Answer 35

Mycobacterium ulcerans causes Buruli ulcers, a skin infection

Question 36

Photochromogens

Answer 36

Mycobacterium species that become pigmented when exposed to light, like M. kansasii

Question 37

Runyon’s Group III

Answer 37

describes non-photochromogens, which are non-pigmented species such as M. avium

Question 38

Cause of Leprosy

Answer 38

Mycobacterium leprae is the bacterium responsible for leprosy (Hansen’s disease)

Question 39

Niacin and Nitrate Tests

Answer 39

differentiate M. tuberculosis (positive) from M. bovis (negative)

Question 40

Gene Expert

Answer 40

PCR-based diagnostic test used for rapid and sensitive detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis