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Bacteriology lecture > Mycobacterium > Flashcards

Mycobacterium Flashcards

1
Q

How many species are there in acid fast bacilli

A

125

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2
Q

Most prominent causing tuberculosis both pulmonary and extra pulmonary

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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3
Q

This quickly decolorizes bacteria except mycobacterium

A

95% ethyl alcohol containing 3% HCL

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4
Q

Contains antibiotics to prevent overgrowth or contaminating bacteria and fungi

A

Selective media

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5
Q

7H11 contains what

A

Casein hydrolysate

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6
Q

Major component of agar media

A

Albumin

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7
Q

Neutralizes the toxic inhibitory effects of fatty acids in the specimen or medium

A

Albumin

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8
Q

Small inocula specimens from patients will grow in about?

A

3-6 weeks

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9
Q

Middlebrrok 7H9 and 7H12

A

Broth media

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10
Q

Supports proliferation of small inocula

A

Broth media

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11
Q

What does Mycobacterium look like in broth media

A

Clumps or masses

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12
Q

Growth is more rapid than on complex media

A

Broth media

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13
Q

What is the doubling time of tubercle bacilli

A

18 hours

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14
Q

Derive energy from simple carbon compounds

A

Obligate aerobes

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15
Q

Why is mycobacteria more resistant to chemical agents than other bacteria

A

Hydrophobic nature and clumped growth

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16
Q

Used to eliminate contaminants and for concentration techniques of clinical specimen

A

Acids and alkali

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17
Q

They are resistant to drying and survive for long periods in dried sputum

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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18
Q

They are highly susceptible to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Humans and guinea pig

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19
Q

Analysis of lipids which reveals patterns that aids in the classification of M. tuberculosis

A

Gas chromatography

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20
Q

They are called chord factors

A

Wax

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21
Q

Responsible for rope-like arrangement of the organism links to the pathogens pathogenicity

A

Waxes

22
Q

They cause caseous/caseation type necrosis which is important to note among mycobacteria

A

Phosphotides

23
Q

Form microscopic serpentine cords

A

Virulence strains

24
Q

How is Chord factor (trehalose-6,6′-dimycolate) extracted from virulent bacilli

A

Petroleum ether

25
Q

It causes chronic garnulomas

A

Chord factor

26
Q

This elicit the tuberculin reaction

A

Proteins

27
Q

They are rod-shaped, non-sporing aerobic bacteria and resist decolorization by acid or alcohol

A

Acid-fast bacilli

28
Q

They are thin, straight rods which grows in coccoid & filamentous forms are seen with variable morphology

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

29
Q

This type pf media is used for observing colony morphology and susceptibility testing

A

Semi-synthetic agar media

30
Q

These contained defined salt, vitamins, cofactors, oleic acid, albumin, catalase and glycerol

A

Semi-synthetic agar media

31
Q

Contain defined salts, glycerol and complex organic substances

A

Inspissated egg media

32
Q

In this agar Mycobacteria grow in clumps and masses

A

Broth media

33
Q

This is partly responsible for the acid fastness of Mycobacterium

A

Mycolic acids

34
Q

They bound ti wax and can induce tuberculin sensitivity

A

Proteins

35
Q

The zone of the TB granuloma where a large multi nucleated giant cells containing tubercle bacilli

A

Central area

36
Q

The zone of the TB granuloma where a pale of epithelioid cells are arranged rapidly

A

Mid zone

37
Q

The zone of the TB granuloma where there are fibroblasts and mononuclear cells

A

Peripheral zone

38
Q

Where does tuberculosis reactivation begin

A

Apex of the lung

39
Q

It is caused by a tubercle bacilli that have survived the primary lesion

A

Reactivation

40
Q

Also called the Manto test and the purified protein derivative

A

Tuberculin test

41
Q

This is the most sensitive method in identifying tubercle bacilli which provides results rapidly

A

Selective broth culture

42
Q

First line of drug for Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Pyrazinamide

43
Q

It inhibits synthesis of mycolic acid component of cell wall of Mycobacterium spp.

A

Isoniazid

44
Q

Inhibits incorporation of mycolic acid into cell wall of Mycobacterium spp.

A

Ethambutol

45
Q

It grows optimally at 41 celsius and has a smooth, soft non-pigmented colonies

A

Mycobacterium Avium Complex

46
Q

They are cultured from water, soil, food and animals(birds)

A

Mycobacterium Avium Complex

47
Q

This is a common opportunistic infection of bacterial origin in AIDS patients

A

Mycobacterium Avium Complex

48
Q

Preferred initial therapy for Mycobacterium Avium Complex

A

Clarithromycin/azithromycin + ethambutol

49
Q

This is known as a photochromagen which requires complex media for growth

A

Mycobacterium kansasii

50
Q

These grow in foot pads of mice and armadillos

A

Mycobacterium leprae

51
Q

Drug of choice for Mycobacterium leprae

A

Dapsone

Bacteriology lecture (3 decks)

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