Mycobacteria Flashcards
Not pigmented unless exposed to light optimally during their early growth
Photochromagen
Pigmented when grown in the dark or light
Scotochromagen
Not pigmented when grown in the dark or in light
Nonchromagen
Nontuberculous mycobacteria pigment
Runyon’s classification
M.kansassi
Photochromagen
M.xenopi
Scotochromagen
Battey Bacillus
In AIDS patients
MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX
“yellow bacillus,
MYCOBACTERIUM KANSASII
growth requirement for hemoglobinor hemin
MYCOBACTERIUM HAEMOPHILUM
Bairnsdale ulcer
MYCOBACTERIUM ULCERANS
disseminated disease in HIV-infected patients
MYCOBACTERIUM GENAVENSE
chronic granulomatous infections involving skin and soft tissue, often called”swimming pool granuloma” or “fish tank granuloma”
MYCOBACTERIUM MARINUM
Tap-water bacillus
MYCOBACTERIUM GORDONAE
etiologic agent of leprosy, also called Hansen’s disease
MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE
not culturable; unique manifestation in a way that they infect the nerves instead the cells
MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE
Decontaminating agent of MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE
N acetyl-L-cysteine(NALC)
digesting agent MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE
2-4% NaOH
MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS measurement
0.2-0.6 micron in diameter and 1-4 micra in length
Highly resistant to drying (protected from sunlight)
MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
Duration of MTB in Dried sputum
6-8 months
Droplets of dried sputum in the air -
8-10 days
Exposed to direct sunlight, MTB for culture are killed
within 2 hours
Span of MTB In sputum -
20-30 hours
Disinfection of sputum -
24 hours in 5% phenol
a disseminated infection with multiple organ
involvement.
Miliary TB
is miliary tuberculosis in the bones or spine
Pott’s disease
used to detect MTB-infected individuals
Tuberculin skin test
MTB antigen.
purified protein derivative (PPD)
Contains 2% glycerol, which enhances the growth of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
Middlebrook
Supplemented with carbenicillin
(for inhibition of pseudomonads),
polymyxin B, trimethoprim
lactate, and amphotericin B
Middlebrook 7H10
Contains 0.1% enzymatic hydrolysate of casein, which improves recovery of isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Middlebrook 7H11
Supplemented with mycobactin J, which provides for growth of
Mycobacterium genovense
Middlebrook 7H11
Commonly used medium; good
recovery of M. tuberculosis
but poor recovery of many other species; M. genovense fails to grow
Löwenstein Jensen (L-J)
Supplemented with penicillin and nalidixic acid
L-J Gruft
Supplemented with cycloheximide,
lincomycin, and nalidixic acid
L-J Mycobactosel
Contains twice the concentration
of malachite than LöwensteinJensen green
Petragnani medium
Supplemented with hemin, hemoglobin, or ferric ammonium citrate; increases recovery of
Mycobacterium haemophilum
Heme-supplemented
media (egg or agar
based)
liquid media duration
10 days
solid media duration
17 days
liquid media that is used as the standard for Isolating mycobacteria
LJ agar
rough, buffered colonies that appeared within 3 weeks
M.tuberculosis in LJ agar
Colonies appear as cream-colored, dry, and wrinkled.
M. tuberculosis on Middlebrook 7H11 agar
a widely used medium for the isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of mycobacteria
Middlebrook 7H11 agar
contains casein hydrolysates that improve the recoveryof isoniazid-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis and shortens the incubation time for M. avium complex isolates.
Middlebrook 7H11 agar
colonies have a rough appearance and exhibit serpentine cording,exemplified by the darker areas.
M. tuberculosis
have the ability to growat 45°C.
M. avium
does not grow well on LJ agar. It appears as a film after 3 to
4 weeks of incubation
M. avium
appear as a “sun-spot” with starlike or asteroid margins a
M. avium
rough colony has a “lacy” characteristic
M. avium
have a strong yellow color; a positive catalase reaction, reduction of nitrate to nitrite, and rapid hydrolysis of Tween 80
M. kansasii on Middlebrook 7H11 agar.
3-week-old colony growing on Middlebrook 7H11agar shows a dark, dense center and a wrinkled periphery,
Colony of M. kansasii
does not reduce nitrates or assimilate iron, but it is suceptible to polymyxin B and resistant to ciprofloxacin.
M. chelonae
grow on chocolate agar and appear as smooth. opaque colonies resembling staphylococci or yeast.
M. chelonae
may appear as weakly staining. beaded, gram-positive bacilli, suggesting the possibility of a rapidly growing mycobacterium.
M. chelonae
colonies appear dark and dense with smooth edges and a somewhat lighter center
M. chelonae
can also grow on modifiedMac-Conkey agar, without crystal violet, at 37°C;
M. fortuitum
Optimum temperature for M. fortuitum cultured in 7H11 & LJ
43 deg. Celsius
a Runyon group II scotochromogens, characterized by yellow-orane pigment
M. gordonae
Classify the Runyon group: M.smegmatis
Rapid growers
Classify the Runyon group: M.thermoresistible
Scotochromogens
Classify the Runyon group: M.terrae-triviale
Non-photochromogens
Reagent strip impregnated with substrate cyanogen halide = yellow color
Niacin accumulation tests
Base on the ability to convert ferric ammonium citrate to an iron oxide
Iron uptake test
Growth at 28°C on an egg based medium containing 5% NaCl
NaCl tolerance test
The only mycobacteria that is negative to NaCl Tolerance test
M.chelonae
positive fot
