My Prac Exam Flashcards
A researcher interested in how changes in the cells of the hippocampus (a structure in the brain related to learning and memory) would be most likely to identify as a_
Biological psychologist
Memory aids that help organise information for encoding are_
Mnemonic devices
Two forms of associative learning are___ and ____
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Slot machines reward gamblers with money according to which reinforcement schedule?
Variable ratio
The view that development is a cumulative process, gradually adding to the same type of skills is know as_
Continuous development
Self-serving bias
Making internal attributions for your successes and making external attributions for your failures
People’s judgments about various situations are predicables affected by__ or__ that influence how we evaluate those circumstances.
Bias
Mistakes
The combination of the fields of __ and __ led to the development of psychology as its own discipline.
Philosophy
Medicine
If psychology is the science of behaviour, then the __ of language must be one of it’s most central topics, since it exists for almost all human beings.
Use
What is replication?
Repeating research to test whether the results are the same.
Under what conditions will informational social influence be more likely?
When the answer is unclear
Longitudinal research is complicated by high rates of__
Attrition
The mean score for a person with an average IQ is __
100
__ involves observing behaviour in individuals in their natural environment.
Naturalistic observation
The three functions of memory are __
Encoding, storage, retrieval
Discomfort caused by inconsistency between our beliefs and behaviour
Cognitive Dissonance
Liking something because of the work required to obtain it.
Effort justification
Because we have more information about the influences on our own behaviour, we’re prone to
Actor- Observer bias
In the Asch experiment, people conformed because of..
Normative social influence
An example of a prototype for the concept of leadership on an athletic team?
Team captain
The idea that even if something is out of sight, it still exists is called__
Object permanence
Jasón is the coach of his sons team and must select a team captain. According to the __ framework, Jason’s attempt to think objectively is restricted by a cognitive limitation in this cause a bias.
Bounded rationality
Extinction occurs when__
The conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without being paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
Lexicon
The words and expressions that we use, our vocabulary for communication
Syntax
The rules around word and sentence construction
Semantics
The meaning of words and sentences
Conceptual replication
Testing the same hypothesis/concept, by performing test in different ways
Which is not an example of primary reinforcement?
Money
What are some examples of primary reinforcement?
Food
Water
Sex
Peripheral route
Persuasion occurs when a person is persuaded by something other than the messages content
Fixed interval
A set amount of time between occurrences of something
Variable interval
A schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable amount of time
Variable ratio
Response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses
Generalisation
Application of the results from a study, to the wider target population
Deception
When a researcher gives false information or intentionally misleads about key aspects of research
Archival research
Use of books, journals, documents
Conformational bias
The influence of desire on beliefs
External attributions
Situational factors such as; task difficulties, social influence, and physical characteristics
Internal attribution
When an individual uses personal reason as the cause for a situation or event
Locus of responsibility
The degree of control that people believe they have over their own lives
Falsified data
Not accurately represented research
P-hacking
When researchers collect data analysis until non-significant results become significant
Attrition
A loss of study participants over time
Bounded rationality
Is a human decision making process in which we attempt to satisfice.
Associative learning
Style of learning when two unrelated elements become connected in our brain
Central route
Persuasion occurs when a person is persuaded by the content of the message
Asch experiment
A series of studies made by Solomon Asch studying the effects of group pressure upon the modification of judgement.
