My/o OIANs, scolosis, pain patterns Flashcards
O: sacrum, ilium, thoracolumbar fascia, sacrotuberous ligament
I: iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity
A: extends and externally rotates hip, abduction, adduction
N: inferior gluteal
Gluteus Maximus
O: ilium b/t anterior and posterior gluteal line
I: greater trochanter
A: hip abduction, stabilizes pelvis, flexion and internal rotation, extension and external rotation
N: superior gluteal
Gluteus Medius
O: pelvic surface of sacrum
I: apex of greater trochanter
A: external rotation, abduction, and extension of hip joint, stabilizes hip joint
N: direct branches from sacral plexus
Piriformis
O: Iliac crest
I: ITB
A: IR and flex hip
N: superior gluteal
Tensor Fascia latea
O: lumbar spine bodies and disc
I: Lesser trochanter
A: Flexion of the hip. If hip is stabilized, flexion of the trunk.
N: inferior gluteal lumber 2-3
Psoas major
O: iliac fossa, sacral base
I: greater psoas tendon and lesser trochanter
A: flex hip/trunk
N: femoral
Psoas minor
5 types of pain pattern
Myotogenous, Sclerotogenous, Dermatogenous, Vascular, Visceral
If a patient is complaining of a DULL ACHE that is DIFFUSE, what type of pain pattern are they exhibiting?
Myotogenous (muscle)
If a patient is complaining of a DULL ACHE that is LOCALIZED, what type of pain pattern are they exhibiting?
Sclerotogenous (bone)
If a patient is complaining of general pain in an area, but can’t pinpoint it, what type of pain pattern are they exhibiting?
Visceral (referred from an organ)
If a patient is complaining of sharp, shooting, shock-like, burning, hot-poker pain, what type of pain pattern are they exhibiting?
Dermatogenous
if a patient is complaining of THROBBING pain, what type of pain pattern are they exhibiting?
Vascular (caused by blood supply)
What nerve innervates the cutaneous portion of the SUPERIOR MEDIAL quadrant of the gluteal region?
Dorsal rami of L1, L2, L3, S1, S2, S3 also known as the superior cluneal nerve (L1-L3) and middle cluneal nerve (S1-S3)
What nerve innervates the cutaneous portion of the INFERIOR MEDIAL quadrant of the gluteal region?
Posterior femoral cutaneous (S1, S2, S3) also known as the Inferior cluneal nerve
What nerve innervates the cutaneous portion of the INFERIOR LATERAL quadrant of the gluteal region?
Lateral femoral cutaneous (L2, L3)
What nerve innervates the cutaneous portion of the SUPERIOR LATERAL quadrant of the gluteal region?
Iliohypogastric (L1)
The sciatic nerve has how many vertebral roots?
Five (5) - L4, L5, S1, S2, S3
What is the most common cause of scoliosis?
Idiopathic (unknown)
<p>
O: Iliac crest I: Inferior medial border of Rib 12 A: Ipsilateral flexion N: Subcostal Nerve (T12), Iliohypogastric (L1), Ilioinguinal (L1), and Ventral Rami (L2,L3)</p>
<p>
| Quadratus lumbordum</p>
What is a common feature of the gluteus medius, piriformis and external rotators of the hip?
Their all found on the same plane
Which muscle inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur?
Psoas Major and Iliacus
If a patient performs a lateral bending test to the side of concavity and the scoliotic curve increases, what does this indicate?
confirmation of structural scoliosis
Once an Adam’s Test is positive for structural scoliosis, what further test can be used to confirm it?
Lateral bending test
<p>
| What is the name of the test used to differentiate structural from functional scoliosis?</p>
<p>
Adam's Test - Patient flexes at waist, if the curve stays it's structural (skeletal in origin). If it goes away, it's functional (muscular in origin).</p>
Does the presence of a hemivertebrae contribute to structural or functional scoliosis?
Structural
3 muscles that innervates by superior gluteal nerve
Gluteus medius, Gluteus Minimus, and tensor fasciae latae.
Nerve that innervates with gluteus maximus
Inferior gluteal nerve (The term inferior is in relation to the piriformis - It exits BELOW the piriformis)
Muscle that is the same plane as the quadratus femoris
Gluteus medius (you would have to go deep to the gluteus medius to find the gluteus minimus)
Action of gluteus medius and minimus
ABduction and internal rotation
<p>
| Action of gluteus maximus</p>
<p>
| Abduction and extension of the thigh at the hip joint (also external rotation)</p>
What is the action of the rest of the gluteal muscles?
External Rotation
O: ilium below origin of medius
I: greater trochanter
A: hip abduction, stabilizes pelvis, flexion and internal rotation, extension and external rotation
N: superior gluteal
gluteus minimus
O: superior=ischial spine; inferior=ischial tuberosity
I: jointly with obturator internus tendon (greater trochanter)
A: external rotation, adduction, extension of hip joint
N: direct branches from sacral plexus
superior/inferior gemellous
O: outer surface of obturator membrane and its bony boundaries
I: trochanteric fossa of the femur
A: adduction and external rotation of hip joint, stabilization of pelvis
N: obturator
oburator externus
O: lateral border of ischial tuberosity
I: intertrochanteric crest of the femur
A: external rotation and adduction of hip joint
N: direct branches from sacral plexus
quadratus femoris
O: iliac fossa
I: lesser trochanter
A: flexion and external rotation of hip joint; unilateral-bends trunk laterally to same side; bilateral-contraction raises trunk from supine position
N: femoral
iliacus
upper medial; upper lateral; lower medial; lower lateral
4 quadrants of gluteal region
