mwtga3 Flashcards
world population, us population
7 billion, 310 million
preindustrial stage
birth and death rates high, population grows slowly, infant mortality high
transitional stage
death rate lower, better health care, population grows fast
industrial stage
decline in birth rate, population growth slows
postindustrial stage
low birth and death rates
age structure diagram
broad base=rapid growth; narrow base=negative growth; uniform shape=zero growth; major age cohorts = pre reproductives, reproductives, post reproductives
first and second most populated countries
china and india
most important thing affecting population growth
low status of women
ways to decrease birth rate
family planning, contraception, economic rewards and penalities
true cost/total cost
harmful environmental side effects that are it reflected in a product’s price
cogeneration
using waste heat to make electricity
electricity generated by fossil fuels, biomass, or nuclear power
heat is produced which creates steam, steam turns a turbine, the mechanical energy from the turbine is converted into electrical energy in a generator and that energy is transmitted to homes through power lines
hydroelectric power
potential energy of stored water is used to turn turbine, the mechanical energy from the turbine is converted to electrical energy in a generator and that energy is transmitted to homes through power lines
thermal gradient
spontaneous flow of heat from warmer to cooler bodies
ionizing radiation
enough energy to dislodge electrons from atoms, forming ions; capable of causing cancer (gamma, X-rays, UV)
