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Modern World > Mw Midterm Review > Flashcards

Mw Midterm Review Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the Sun King?

A

Louis XIV

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2
Q

Who ran the Kingdom until Louis turned 23?

A

Cardinal Mazarin

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3
Q

Louis XIV Famous quote

A

“I am the State”

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4
Q

Who did Louis XIV oppress by revoking the Edict of Nantes?

A

Huguenots (French Protestants)

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5
Q

What is mercantilism?

A

When a country keeps business domestic to make the country self sufficient and the economy strong as long as the country stays strong

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6
Q

What did Louis XIV build to bankrupt France?

A

Versailles

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7
Q

Who was the last Queen of England

A

Queen Anne (1702-1714)

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8
Q

Who had control of England in the 1700s?

A

Parliament

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9
Q

What were the great powers of Europe in 1750

A 
Austria 
Prussia
France
The United Kingdom
Russia
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10
Q

Who was the dictator of Russia in 1750?

A

Peter the Great

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11
Q

What was Peter the Great’s main goal for Russia?

A

To westernize the country

Recruited western teachers, doctors, soldiers, etc.

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12
Q

Was Peter the Great benevolent? Why or Why not?

A

No

He was an autocratic ruler who forced his subjects to adopt western ways. He expanded serfdom so nobles had more power

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13
Q

Where did Russia expand to?

A

Overland
The Cossacks defeated the Mongols and took Siberia.
Peter wanted a warm water port for trade but never got it

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14
Q

Who had her husband murdered?

A

Catherine the Great

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15
Q

What country were Catherine the Great and Czar Peter from?

A

Germany

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16
Q

What country did Catherine the Great try to emanate?

A

France

Promoted French language and customs

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17
Q

Why did Catherine go to war with the Ottoman Empire?

A

To get access to a warm water port

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18
Q

Was Frederick the Great a benevolent dictator? Why or Why not?

A 
Yes
Built canals and  infrastructure
Religious tolerance
Continued the militarization of society
Rumored to be gay
19
Q

What is the difference between absolute, enlightened, and limited monarch?

A

Absolute- has complete and unlimited power in government
Enlightened-monarch or dictator with modern or enlightened ideas. Most likely benevolent
Limited/constitutional- Congressional bodies and legislative documents limit the power of the monarch or ruler

20
Q

Was the age of Enlightenment?

A

1700S

21
Q

What is rationalism?

A

The belief that truth can be arrived at solely by logic and reason

22
Q

What is natural law?

A

Some actions will always be immoral, regardless of the attitude of individuals, societies, or governments

23
Q

Who developed the heliocentric view?

A

Copernicus

24
Q

Who invented the telescope?

A

Galileo

25
Q

What did Diderot do?

A

He developed the best encyclopedia of the era. He had help from philosophers like Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Voltaire

26
Q

What did Hobbes believe in?

A

Social contracts
Humankind is naturally selfish and wicked and driven by passion
Must be strongly and authoritatively governed

27
Q

What was John Locke’s philosophy?

A

People are good and driven by reason
Advocated reason, happiness and liberty
Thought people could govern themselves

28
Q

What is criminal justice

A

Laws exist for social order not vengeance

29
Q

What was Montesquieu’s philosophy?

A

Separation of powers

Checks and balances

30
Q

What was Voltaire’s philosophy

A

Advocated for democracies

Freedom of speech and religion

31
Q

What was Rousseau’s famous quote

A

“Man is born free, yet everywhere he is in chains”

32
Q

What was Rousseau’s philosophy?

A

Government gets its power from the governed

Everyone is equal, abolish nobility

33
Q

Who was Mary Wollstonecraft?

A

Feminist
Women need education to become useful
She wanted equal rights little by little

34
Q

Who was Mary Astell?

A

Feminist
Pushed for education and careers
Women were just as rational as men
Demanded immediate rights

35
Q

Who were some classical musicians during the age of enlightenment?

A

Mozart, Bach, Handel, Beethoven

36
Q

What is individualism?

A

Judge what is right and wrong for yourself

Create your own economic opportunities

37
Q

Who was Adam Smith

A

The father of the free market economy

38
Q

What is Laissez Faire?

A

Business operates best with little government interference

Opposed mercantilism

39
Q

Constitutional government

A

the gov. Power is limited by law

40
Q

How did the enlightenment inspire Americans

A

They began to see themselves as not British by the 1700s

The colonies had their own government

41
Q

Who was Jefferson influenced by when writing the Declaration of Independence

A

John Locke

42
Q

Popular sovereignty

A

Power comes from the people

43
Q

Federalism

A

Power shared between the federal and state governments

44
Q

What was un-enlightened thinking in America?

A

Slavery

Modern World (1 decks)

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