Mw Midterm Review

Question 1

Who was the Sun King?

Answer 1

Louis XIV

Question 2

Who ran the Kingdom until Louis turned 23?

Answer 2

Cardinal Mazarin

Question 3

Louis XIV Famous quote

Answer 3

“I am the State”

Question 4

Who did Louis XIV oppress by revoking the Edict of Nantes?

Answer 4

Huguenots (French Protestants)

Question 5

What is mercantilism?

Answer 5

When a country keeps business domestic to make the country self sufficient and the economy strong as long as the country stays strong

Question 6

What did Louis XIV build to bankrupt France?

Answer 6

Versailles

Question 7

Who was the last Queen of England

Answer 7

Queen Anne (1702-1714)

Question 8

Who had control of England in the 1700s?

Answer 8

Parliament

Question 9

What were the great powers of Europe in 1750

Answer 9

Austria 
Prussia
France
The United Kingdom
Russia

Question 10

Who was the dictator of Russia in 1750?

Answer 10

Peter the Great

Question 11

What was Peter the Great’s main goal for Russia?

Answer 11

To westernize the country

Recruited western teachers, doctors, soldiers, etc.

Question 12

Was Peter the Great benevolent? Why or Why not?

Answer 12

No

He was an autocratic ruler who forced his subjects to adopt western ways. He expanded serfdom so nobles had more power

Question 13

Where did Russia expand to?

Answer 13

Overland
The Cossacks defeated the Mongols and took Siberia.
Peter wanted a warm water port for trade but never got it

Question 14

Who had her husband murdered?

Answer 14

Catherine the Great

Question 15

What country were Catherine the Great and Czar Peter from?

Answer 15

Germany

Question 16

What country did Catherine the Great try to emanate?

Answer 16

France

Promoted French language and customs

Question 17

Why did Catherine go to war with the Ottoman Empire?

Answer 17

To get access to a warm water port

Question 18

Was Frederick the Great a benevolent dictator? Why or Why not?

Answer 18

Yes
Built canals and  infrastructure
Religious tolerance
Continued the militarization of society
Rumored to be gay

Question 19

What is the difference between absolute, enlightened, and limited monarch?

Answer 19

Absolute- has complete and unlimited power in government
Enlightened-monarch or dictator with modern or enlightened ideas. Most likely benevolent
Limited/constitutional- Congressional bodies and legislative documents limit the power of the monarch or ruler

Question 20

Was the age of Enlightenment?

Answer 20

1700S

Question 21

What is rationalism?

Answer 21

The belief that truth can be arrived at solely by logic and reason

Question 22

What is natural law?

Answer 22

Some actions will always be immoral, regardless of the attitude of individuals, societies, or governments

Question 23

Who developed the heliocentric view?

Answer 23

Copernicus

Question 24

Who invented the telescope?

Answer 24

Galileo

Question 25

What did Diderot do?

Answer 25

He developed the best encyclopedia of the era. He had help from philosophers like Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Voltaire

Question 26

What did Hobbes believe in?

Answer 26

Social contracts Humankind is naturally selfish and wicked and driven by passion Must be strongly and authoritatively governed

Question 27

What was John Locke's philosophy?

Answer 27

People are good and driven by reason Advocated reason, happiness and liberty Thought people could govern themselves

Question 28

What is criminal justice

Answer 28

Laws exist for social order not vengeance

Question 29

What was Montesquieu's philosophy?

Answer 29

Separation of powers | Checks and balances

Question 30

What was Voltaire's philosophy

Answer 30

Advocated for democracies | Freedom of speech and religion

Question 31

What was Rousseau's famous quote

Answer 31

"Man is born free, yet everywhere he is in chains"

Question 32

What was Rousseau's philosophy?

Answer 32

Government gets its power from the governed | Everyone is equal, abolish nobility

Question 33

Who was Mary Wollstonecraft?

Answer 33

Feminist Women need education to become useful She wanted equal rights little by little

Question 34

Who was Mary Astell?

Answer 34

Feminist Pushed for education and careers Women were just as rational as men Demanded immediate rights

Question 35

Who were some classical musicians during the age of enlightenment?

Answer 35

Mozart, Bach, Handel, Beethoven

Question 36

What is individualism?

Answer 36

Judge what is right and wrong for yourself | Create your own economic opportunities

Question 37

Who was Adam Smith

Answer 37

The father of the free market economy

Question 38

What is Laissez Faire?

Answer 38

Business operates best with little government interference | Opposed mercantilism

Question 39

Constitutional government

Answer 39

the gov. Power is limited by law

Question 40

How did the enlightenment inspire Americans

Answer 40

They began to see themselves as not British by the 1700s | The colonies had their own government

Question 41

Who was Jefferson influenced by when writing the Declaration of Independence

Answer 41

John Locke

Question 42

Popular sovereignty

Answer 42

Power comes from the people

Question 43

Federalism

Answer 43

Power shared between the federal and state governments

Question 44

What was un-enlightened thinking in America?

Answer 44

Slavery