Mutations Flashcards
1
Q
Gene mutations
A
Change in the sequence in the DNA bases.
~Substitution: One nucleotide switched for another.
~Addition: A base or bases added.
~Deletion: A base or bases deleted.
2
Q
Chromosomal mutation
A
- Whole genes are gained or lost during crossing over.
- Whole chromosomes are gained or lost during meiosis.
3
Q
Helpful mutations
A
Changes a problem in a way that benefits an organism.
Ex:opposable thumbs.
4
Q
Harmful mutations
A
Changes a protein in a way that makes it stop functioning.
Ex: cancer, sickle cell anemia.
5
Q
Neutral mutations
A
A gene mutation that has no effect on a proteins shape or function.
