Mutation (Nondisjunction) Flashcards
The failure of chromosomes or chromatids to segregate during cell division.
Nondisjunction
What is the cause of nondisjunction?
Abnormal number chromosomes in all the cells called “ ANEUPLOIDY” or in some cells called “MOSAICISM”.
What are the 5 examples of nondisjunction?
- Down Syndrome
- Edwards Syndrome
- Patau Syndrome
- Klinefelter’s Syndrome
- Turner Syndrome
Trisomy chromosome 18th
Edwards Syndrome
Trisomy of chromosome 13th
Patau Syndrome
Contains one extra chromosome 21.
Down Syndrome
Trisomy of sex chromosomes. Here cells have 1 extra X chromosome (XXY)
Klinefelter’s Syndrome
Also known as monosomy. One of the X chromosome is missing (XO).
Turner Syndrome
What are the 4 Sex Mutation (X or Y mutation)
Female
-Poly-X Female
- Turner Syndrome
Male
-Jacob’s Syndrome
-Klinefelter Syndrome
It is characterized by the presence of an extra X chromosome, resulting in a karyotype of 47, XXX instead of the usual 46, XX.
Poly-X Female
They experience taller stature, developmental delays, learning difficulties, and an increased risk of certain health issues, such as infertility or menstrual irregularities.
Poly-X Female
It is characterized by the partial or complete absence of one X chromosomes. (44, X0)
Turner Syndrome
This condition leads to ovarian insufficiency, causing infertility and the absence of menstruation.
Turner Syndrome
Also known as XYY Syndrome, is a chromosomal disorder that occurs in males.
Jacob’s Syndrome
Have taller stature, delayed development of speech and language skills, learning difficulties and behavioral differences.
Jacob’s Syndrome
