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History 20 > Mussolini > Flashcards

Mussolini Flashcards

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1
Q

Fascism

A

no general or specific definition, anti-communist, extreme right wing, created to stop the spread of communism

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2
Q

Il Duce

A

the Leader

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3
Q

Mussolini backgrounds

A
  • Father was socialist
    => son socialist
  • “man of people”
  • aggressive when young
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4
Q

What made him switch?

A

Writer in Avanti - socialist newspaper
Got fired after he supported Italy joining the war bc socialist believe that war = capitalism

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5
Q

Rise to power

A

Italy in a mess, alot of different parties.
He created a fasci organization

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6
Q

Fasces symbol

A

Bundle of wooden rods with an axe tied in

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7
Q

Bird symbol

A

Phoenix

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8
Q

Political conditions

A

Constitution lack power
King Emmanuel III is weak
Government can’t handle chaos

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9
Q

National problems before WW1

A

2 Italy:
- Legal Italy: northern, the king and the burgeosies
- Real Italy: southern, peasants, working class

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10
Q

Gabriele D’Anunzio

A
  • A poet with the desire to capture Fiume
  • Seen as hero during war
  • kind of partially invented fascim
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11
Q

Emmanuel III

A

King of Italy, weak and don’t know how to rule

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12
Q

National problems after WW1

A

National resentment
Italy gaining nothing from 14 Points
Government being blame for everything (losing, incapability)
Socialist blame for not supporting war

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13
Q

Why didn’t the socialists have control power even though they take up majority of seats in Constitution?

A
  • Refuse to have a revolution
  • Lack leadership
  • Torn between bullet(violence) and ballots(modernize)
  • Later on face Squadristi
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14
Q

Economic challenges

A

Tourism decrease
Inflation
owed Allies
Unemployment

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15
Q

Social challenges

A

Soldiers trying to adapt back to life
Spread of communism
Workers seized factories

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16
Q

Bieno Rosso - The Red Years

A

Two years period of internal conflict in Italy mainly by the Black Shirts militia with the hope to prevent communism spread to Italy, later resulted in the March on Rome

17
Q

March on Rome

A

Mussolini’s desire to reglorify Italy, like the Roman Empire
Violent uprising against the government
Resulting in Mussolini came to power

18
Q

Mussolini’s rise to power

A

The government yielding rights to all kinds and parties and Mussolini’s party popularity rise, he led his military group (Black Shirts) to take controls over regions
King see M. influence and power, give emergency power (Prime Minister)

19
Q

Band of Combat

A

an organization in which Mussolini promised to help veterans who came back from WW1

20
Q

Squadristi

A

Local police formed by M.
Government can’t control this group

21
Q

OVRA

A

Secret Police

22
Q

Acerbo Law

A

Party with most votes gets 2/3 seats

23
Q

How did Mussolini win the election?

A

Rigged, violence, threats, bribery

24
Q

Matteoti

A

The socialist who spoke against Mussolini, got assassinated

25
Q

Removal of other parties

A

Do everything in his power to make fascists the majority of politicians

26
Q

Economic Control

A
  • Modernization, Self-Sufficient (no debt to no one), Deal with Lack of Resources
  • Abandoned Laissez-Faire
  • Promote local industries
  • Syndicated state - cooperate not competition
27
Q

Corfu Incident

A

When Italians were murdered on Greek soil after they tried to set out a border, causing Mussolini to naval bomb Corfu
=> testing the League of Nations power

28
Q

Social Control

A

Youth: indoctrination/ ‘26 ONB the Youth movements
Adult: Dopolavoro-organized sports and theater
Women: have kids, Battle of Birth (have children), more money if more kids

29
Q

Cult of Personalities

A
  • Propaganda
  • New Caeser
  • “Mussolini is always right”
  • Brainwash
30
Q

Lateran Accord

A

Give Vatican State to church
Recognize religion, study them in school
Has church supports

History 20 (2 decks)

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