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Music History > Musical Forms (400-1750) > Flashcards

Musical Forms (400-1750) Flashcards

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0
Q

Virelai

A

14th c.
Starts with refrain
Abba Abba Abba A

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1
Q

Ballade

A

14th c. aabC aabC aabC French

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2
Q

Rondeau

A

2 part refrain (AB)
Stanzas used same music as refrain
AB a A ab AB

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3
Q

Trecento

A

Secular Italian polyphony

Francesco Landini

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4
Q

Madrigal

A 
14th c. 
pastoral or amorous topics
2-3 stanzas, 3 lines each
plus refrain (ritornello), 2 lines, contrasting meter
2 voices, no tenor, same text
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5
Q

Ballata

A

Italy 14th c. (after madrigal)
3 voices, elaborate, melody over tenor and countertenor
AB cd cd ab AB (ripresa, piedi, volta, ripresa)

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6
Q

Caccia

A

Italy 14th c., literally “chase” or “hunt”
2 equal voices + 1 lower, slower voice
often onomatopoeic, upper voices often in canon

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7
Q

Gymel

A

England 14th c.

second line improvises polyphony, all other voices drop out

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8
Q

Rota

A

England 14th c.

canonic imitation from staggered entrances in upper voices

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9
Q

Chanson

A

France, 16th century
focus on declamation of text, often “long-short-short”
sometimes musical onomatopoeia

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10
Q

Lieder

A

German, 16th c.
older style polyphony based on pre-existing tenor
often 2 imitative voices
up to 4 voices

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11
Q

Quodlibet

A

German 16th c.

combination of several popular melodies

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12
Q

Frottola

A 
Italy 16th c. 
Syllabic setting of vernacular poetry on amorous or satirical subjects. 
Top voice most important
rhythmically like a dance
Also has ripresa piedi Volta ripresa
Pedal tone near end.
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13
Q

Madrigal

A

Italy, 1525ish
syllabic setting with diatonic harmony
by 1550, more complex, quasi-text painting and eye music

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14
Q

Conductus

A

Latin secular song, 11-13th c.
Religious but not part of service
“planctus” = lament

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15
Q

Chansons de geste

A

Earliest 11th c.
performed by minstrels
epic poems in vernacular

16
Q

Canso/Chanson

A

Provençal/N. France 11th c.
themes of chivalrous love
structure: Frons (ab ab) Cauda (X) [each ab = Pes]
German equivalent: Minnelieder

17
Q

Minnelieder

A

German canso/chanson, 11th c.
More angular with more melodic skips, probably more regularly metered
Often explicitly religious
Form: “Bar,” Stollen (A[ab etc.]), Stollen, Abgesang (B)

18
Q

Laude

A

Italy, 13th c.
Developed by pilgrims, so much simpler
In Germany: “Geissler”

19
Q

Carol

A 
England, 11th c.
For Dances/processionals
Verse/refrain ("burden")
Usually religious or moral
Sometimes combined English & Latin
20
Q

Canzonetta

A

Italy, late 1500s
Lighter, probably meant for smaller group
simpler

21
Q

Balletto

A

Italy, late 1500s
Dance
lively & strongly metrical rhythm,
recurring refrain (on nonsense syllables)

22
Q

Villanella

A

Italy, late 1500s
Deliberately crude or simple (to poke fun at madrigal)
3 voice texture, sometimes deliberately wrong (i.e. parallel 5ths)

23
Q

Ricercar

A

Renaissance Italy

Instrumental motet

24
Q

Canzona

A

Renaissance Italy
Instrumental chanson
Becomes Sonata

25
Q

Faburden

A

Ca. 1430
English
Plainchant with one voice at a 4th above and one voice at a 3rd below.

26
Q

Early 1200s motet

A

Polyphonic piece derived from distant clausula, with words added to the upper voice

27
Q

1200s-1300s motet

A

Polyphonic piece with one or more upper voices, each with sacred or secular text in Latin or French, above tenor from chant or other source

28
Q

Motet ca. 1310-1450

A

Isorhyhmic motet: tenor structured by isorhythm

29
Q

Motet 1400s on

A

Used for polyphonic setting of a Latin text, esp. Liturgical text, other than a mass

30
Q

Motet Mid 1500s on

A

Used for some polyphonic settings of texts in other languages

31
Q

Rondellus

A

English 14th c.

Listen for voice exchange - all parts have same material in different order.

32
Q

Cantata

A

Early baroque works in strophic variation form

33
Q

Chorale fantasias

A

Based on pre-existing chorale with cantus firmus in soprano.
Similar forms: chorale partita, chorale prelude and chorale fugue

“Gebunden” forms

34
Q

Partitas

A

Baroque, Sets of variations

Chorale partita, romanesca/ruggiero

35
Q

Suite

A 
Baroque dance music:
Prelude
Allemande
Courante
Sarabande
(Various intermediate movements)
Gigue
Standard order after 1650
36
Q

Cantata

A

6 mvt sacred work sung by small chorus

Music History (2 decks)

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