Music Therapy Flashcards
1
Q
define NMT
A
Neurologic Music Therapy
- therapeutic application of music to cognitive, sensory, and motor dysfunction due to disease of the nervous system
- based on neuroscience models of music perception and the influence of music on changes in non-musical brain functions and behavior
2
Q
what is RAS?
A
Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation
- a technique developed upon using rhythmic cues to elicit purposed physiological responses
- elicits physiological effects of auditory rhythm on the motor system to improve the control of movement in pts with sig deficits due to neuro impairments
3
Q
Auditory system has the ability to ________
A
- rapidly construct stable temporal templates
- detect temporal patterns in auditory signals
4
Q
describe the principle of entrainment
A
- temporal locking process in which one system’s motion or signal frequency entrains the frequency of another system
- stronger oscillator locks the weaker into its frequency, or if equal in strength the systems move towards each other
5
Q
list some neural pathways that are entrained with auditory
A
- sensorimotor cortex, supplementary motor area
- posterior inferior frontal gyrus (Broca’s)
- Cerebellum
- basal ganglia
- reticulospinal pathways
6
Q
how does rhythm and auditory stimuli impact motor control?
A
- rhythm provides precise anticipatory time cues for the brain to plan ahead and be ready
- auditory stimulation primes the motor system in a state of readiness to move
- increases response time and response quality
- modulates patterns of muscle activation and control of movement in space
- patterned sensory enhancement
7
Q
what is pattern sensory enhancement
A
- using musical patterns to create functional movement patterns and sequencing to enhance direction and accuracy of movement
8
Q
brain disorder that NMT rehab can work in
A
- Stroke
- Brain injury
- PD
- Incomplete SCI
- CP
- MS
9
Q
NMT and rehab
A
- CVA
- hemiparetic gait training
- spatio-temporal mobility
- fine motor skills
- PD
- intiation and regulation of mobility
- reduction in fall risk
- Disorders of consciousness
- emergence from coma in peds
- Epilepsy
- mozart = anti-epileptic effect (in peds)
10
Q
NMT and neuro impairment
A
- Gait speed
- Gait symmetry
- Weight bearing
- Cadence
- Stride length
- Standing balance (BBS)
- Gait endurance (6 mwt)
- Balanced muscular activation (EMG)
- Gait kinematics
- COM vertical displacement, lateral displacement
- Executive function
- Attention
- Fall risk
11
Q
utilizing NMT during PT
A
- Common inclusion criteria
- able to walk >20-100 ft
- hearing intact
- MMSE >24
- No major CV dysfunction
- PD: 1= H&Y = 3
- MS: exacerbation >30 days
12
Q
formatting RAS into treatment session (Phase 1)
A
warm-up: 1-2 mins or trials of walking with RAS at preferred cadence
13
Q
formatting RAS into treatment session (Phase 2)
A
gait training activities with RAS at 10% increase in cadence (bpm)
14
Q
formatting RAS into treatment session (Phase 3)
A
intermittent fading of RAS to train for independent carryover
