Music Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

define NMT

A

Neurologic Music Therapy

  • therapeutic application of music to cognitive, sensory, and motor dysfunction due to disease of the nervous system
  • based on neuroscience models of music perception and the influence of music on changes in non-musical brain functions and behavior
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2
Q

what is RAS?

A

Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation

  • a technique developed upon using rhythmic cues to elicit purposed physiological responses
  • elicits physiological effects of auditory rhythm on the motor system to improve the control of movement in pts with sig deficits due to neuro impairments
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3
Q

Auditory system has the ability to ________

A
  1. rapidly construct stable temporal templates
  2. detect temporal patterns in auditory signals
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4
Q

describe the principle of entrainment

A
  1. temporal locking process in which one system’s motion or signal frequency entrains the frequency of another system
    • stronger oscillator locks the weaker into its frequency, or if equal in strength the systems move towards each other
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5
Q

list some neural pathways that are entrained with auditory

A
  1. sensorimotor cortex, supplementary motor area
  2. posterior inferior frontal gyrus (Broca’s)
  3. Cerebellum
  4. basal ganglia
  5. reticulospinal pathways
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6
Q

how does rhythm and auditory stimuli impact motor control?

A
  1. rhythm provides precise anticipatory time cues for the brain to plan ahead and be ready
  2. auditory stimulation primes the motor system in a state of readiness to move
    • increases response time and response quality
  3. modulates patterns of muscle activation and control of movement in space
  4. patterned sensory enhancement
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7
Q

what is pattern sensory enhancement

A
  • using musical patterns to create functional movement patterns and sequencing to enhance direction and accuracy of movement
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8
Q

brain disorder that NMT rehab can work in

A
  1. Stroke
  2. Brain injury
  3. PD
  4. Incomplete SCI
  5. CP
  6. MS
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9
Q

NMT and rehab

A
  1. CVA
    • hemiparetic gait training
    • spatio-temporal mobility
    • fine motor skills
  2. PD
    • intiation and regulation of mobility
    • reduction in fall risk
  3. Disorders of consciousness
    • emergence from coma in peds
  4. Epilepsy
    • mozart = anti-epileptic effect (in peds)
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10
Q

NMT and neuro impairment

A
  1. Gait speed
  2. Gait symmetry
  3. Weight bearing
  4. Cadence
  5. Stride length
  6. Standing balance (BBS)
  7. Gait endurance (6 mwt)
  8. Balanced muscular activation (EMG)
  9. Gait kinematics
    • COM vertical displacement, lateral displacement
  10. Executive function
  11. Attention
  12. Fall risk
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11
Q

utilizing NMT during PT

A
  1. Common inclusion criteria
    • able to walk >20-100 ft
    • hearing intact
    • MMSE >24
    • No major CV dysfunction
  2. PD: 1= H&Y = 3
  3. MS: exacerbation >30 days
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12
Q

formatting RAS into treatment session (Phase 1)

A

warm-up: 1-2 mins or trials of walking with RAS at preferred cadence

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13
Q

formatting RAS into treatment session (Phase 2)

A

gait training activities with RAS at 10% increase in cadence (bpm)

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14
Q

formatting RAS into treatment session (Phase 3)

A

intermittent fading of RAS to train for independent carryover

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