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Music Theory Flashcards

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1
Q

0 Flats & 0 Sharps

A

C Major or a minor

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2
Q

1 Sharp

A

G Major or e minor

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3
Q

2 Sharps

A

D Major or b minor

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4
Q

3 Sharps

A

A Major or f# minor

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5
Q

4 Sharps

A

E Major or c# minor

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6
Q

5 Sharps

A

B Major or g# minor

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7
Q

6 Sharps

A

F# Major or d# minor

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8
Q

7 Sharps

A

C# Major or a# minor

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9
Q

1 Flat

A

F Major or d minor

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10
Q

2 Flats

A

Bb Major or g minor

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11
Q

3 Flats

A

Eb Major or c minor

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12
Q

4 Flats

A

Ab Major or f minor

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13
Q

5 Flats

A

Db Major or bb minor

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14
Q

6 Flats

A

Gb Major or eb minor

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15
Q

7 Flats

A

Cb Major or ab minor

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16
Q

Accelerando (accel.)

A

Gradually getting quicker

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17
Q

Adagio

A

Slow

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18
Q

Allegretto

A

Fairly quick, but not as quick as allegro.

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19
Q

Allegro

A

Quick, literally cheerful.

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20
Q

Andante

A

At a medium walking speed.

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21
Q

Cantabile

A

In a singing style

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22
Q

Crescendo (cresc.)

A

Gradually getting louder.

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23
Q

Da Capo (D.C)

A

Repeat from the beginning.

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24
Q

Dal Segno (D.S)

A

Repeat from the sign.

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25
Q

Decrescendo (decresc.)

A

Gradually getting quieter.

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26
Q

Diminuendo (dim.)

A

Gradually getting quieter.

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27
Q

Fine

A

The End

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28
Q

f (forte)

A

Loud.

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29
Q

ff (fortissimo)

A

Very loud.

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30
Q

Legato

A

Smoothly

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31
Q

Lento

A

Slow

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32
Q

Mezzo

A

Half

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33
Q

mf (mezzo forte)

A

Moderately loud, half loud.

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34
Q

mp (mezzo piano)

A

Moderately quiet, half quiet.

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35
Q

Moderato

A

Moderately quick.

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36
Q

p (piano)

A

Quiet

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37
Q

pp (pianissimo)

A

Very quiet

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38
Q

Poco

A

A little.

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39
Q

Rallentando (rall.)

A

Gradually getting slower

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40
Q

Ritardando (rit.)

A

Gradually getting slower

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41
Q

Ritenuto (riten.)

A

Held back, slower immediately, not gradually

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42
Q

Staccato (stacc.)

A

Detached

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43
Q

Tempo

A

Speed, time

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44
Q

Alla (al.)

A

In the manner of

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45
Q

Allagando

A

Getting slower, louder

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46
Q

Andantino

A

Slightly faster than andante

47
Q

Assai

A

Very quick

48
Q

Dolce

A

Sweet, soft

49
Q

Giocoso

A

Playful, merry, humorous

50
Q

Grave

A

Very slow, serious

51
Q

Larghetto

A

Rather slow, not as slow as largo

52
Q

Largo

A

Slow

53
Q

Maestoso

A

Majestic

54
Q

Meno

A

Less

55
Q

Presto

A

Fast, faster than allegro

56
Q

Molto

A

Very, much

57
Q

Mosso (molto)

A

Movement

58
Q

Senza

A

Without

59
Q

Sforzando (sfz)

A

Forced, accented

60
Q

Tenuto (ten.)

A

Sustain to the note’s full value.

61
Q

Vivace (vivo)

A

Lively, quick

62
Q

Ad libitum (ad lib.)

A

The marked passage can be played freely, at choice

63
Q

Alla breve

A

With a minim beat, for example in cut time or 2/2

64
Q

Brio

A

With vigor

65
Q

Largamente

A

Broadly

66
Q

Marcato (marc.)

A

Emphatic, accented

67
Q

Rubato

A

Disregarding strict time for expressive effect

68
Q

Subito

A

Suddenly

69
Q

Cadence

A

A short sequence of notes of chords at the end of a musical phrase.

70
Q

Chord

A

More than two notes played at the same time.

71
Q

Circle of 5ths

A

A diagram charting the relationship between the 12 note/keys in the chromatic scale.

72
Q

Dominant

A

The 5th note of a scale, an interval of a perfect 5th above the tonic.

73
Q

Extended

A

Extended chords contain extra notes added from further up the keyboard.

74
Q

Harmonic interval

A

Notes of different pitches played together at the same time, as opposed to one after the other.

75
Q

Harmony

A

A tune that complements a melody when played at the same time.

76
Q

Interval

A

The difference between 2 note pitches.

77
Q

Inversion

A

The order of notes in a chord is changed.

78
Q

Mode

A

A type of scale built by starting another scale from a note other than its root.

79
Q

Semitone

A

The smallest interval in a chromatic scale.

80
Q

Transpose

A

To shift a piece of music, note, to chord up or down in pitch by a certain number of semitones.

81
Q

Articulation

A

The various techniques which may be used to modify the performance.

82
Q

Major Triad

A

A chord that is built with a major 3rd and a minor 3rd.

83
Q

Minor Triad

A

A chord built with a minor 3rd and major 5th.

84
Q

Augmented Triad

A

A chord built with a major 3rd and another major 3rd.

85
Q

Diminished Triad

A

A chord that is built with a minor 3rd and a minor 5th.

86
Q

1st Inversion

A

When the root of a chord becomes the 3rd note in the chord.

87
Q

2nd Inversion

A

When the 5th of the chord is the lowest note of the chord.

88
Q

7th Chord

A

The combination of a triad and an interval of a 7th.

89
Q

Major 7th Chord

A

A major triad and a major 3rd on top. (Ex. C-E-G-B)

90
Q

Dominant 7th Chord

A

A major triad with a minor 3rd on top. (Ex. C-E-G-Bb)

91
Q

Minor 7th Chord

A

A minor triad with a minor 3rd on top. (Ex. C-Eb-G-Bb)

92
Q

Half-Diminished 7th Chord

A

A diminished triad with a major 3rd on top. (Ex. C-Eb-Gb-Bb)

93
Q

Diminished 7th Chord

A

A diminished triad with a minor 3rd on top. (Ex. C-Eb-Bb-Gbb)

94
Q

Minor-Major 7th Chord

A

A minor triad with a major 3rd on top. (Ex. C-Eb-G-B)

95
Q

Augmented-Major 7th Chord

A

An augmented triad with a major 7th on top. (Ex. C-E-G#-B)

96
Q

Augmented 7th Chord

A

An augmented triad with a minor 7th on top. (Ex. C-E-G#-Bb)

97
Q

1st Inversion 7th Chord

A

When the root is at the top of the chord. (Ex. E-G-B-C)

98
Q

2nd Inversion 7th Chord

A

When the 5th is at the bottom of the chord. (Ex. G-B-C-E)

99
Q

3rd Inversion 7th Chord

A

When the 7th is at the bottom of the chord. (Ex. B-C-E-G)

100
Q

Roman Numerals: Major

A

I, ii, iii, IV, V, vi, vii*

101
Q

Roman Numerals: Natural Minor

A

i, ii*, III, iv, v, VI, VII

102
Q

Roman Numerals: Harmonic Minor

A

i, ii, III+, iv, V, VI, vii

103
Q

Roman Numerals: Melodic Minor

A

i, ii, III+, IV, V, vi, vii

104
Q

Non-Chord Tones

A

Notes that do not belong in a certain chord.

105
Q

Step

A

Equal to an interval of a generic second. (Ex. E to F)

106
Q

Skip

A

Equal to an interval of a generic third or more. (Ex. E to G)

107
Q

Passing Tone (PT)

A

Approached by a step and then continues by another step. (Ex. E to F to G) —> F is the Passing Tone.

108
Q

Neighboring Tone (NT)

A

Approached by a step and then returns to original note by a step. (Ex. G to A to G) —> A is the Neighboring Tone.

109
Q

Anticipation (ANT)

A

Approached by a step and then remains the same. (Ex. E to F to F) —> The first F is the Anticipation.

110
Q

Escape Tone (ET)

A

Approached by a step and then skips in the opposite direction. (Ex. A to B to G) —> B is the Escape Tone.

111
Q

Appoggiatura (APP)

A

Approached by a skip then a step in the opposite direction. (Ex. G to B to A) —> B is the Appoggiatura.

112
Q

Suspension (SUS)

A

Keeps a note the same and then steps downward. (Ex. G to G to F) —> The second G is the Suspension.

113
Q

Retardation (RET)

A

Keeps a note the same and then steps upward. (Ex. E to E to F) —> The second E is the Retardation.

114
Q

Neapolitan Chord

A

A major triad that is built on a special note.

Music (5 decks)

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