Music Test 8MUS9

Question 1

What is a Chordophone?

Answer 1

A stringed instrument. Examples:
* Harp
* Guitar
* Violin

Question 2

What is a Idiophone?

Answer 2

Self-sounding instruments - percussion. Examples:
1. Triangle
2. Maracas
3. Bells

Question 3

What is a Aerophone?

Answer 3

Aerophones are instruments that use air to produce sound. Examples:
1. Pan flute
2. Trumpet
3. Clarinets.

Question 4

What is a Membranophone?

Answer 4

Any musical instrument that produces sound primarily through a vibrating stretched membrane. Example:
1. Drums
2. Tambourines
3. Bongs

Question 5

What are 3 examples of instruments used in Irish music?

Answer 5

Fiddle
Harp
Banjo

Question 6

What are 3 examples of instruments used in Japanese music?

Answer 6

Koto
Biwa
Shō

Question 7

What is the concept of ‘Jo-ha-kyu’?

Answer 7

A way to make music, like a structure.
Jo - A quiet passage of increasing tension
Ha - An outburst of energy
Kyu - A concentration of this energy into a single point of expression

Question 8

Features of Japanese Music

Answer 8

• importance of rhythm - polyrhythmic
• predominance of membranophones
• ostinatos - repeated rhythmic and/or melodic ideas as a means of structuring a piece
• call and response
• melodies are based on a pentatonic scale
• use of traditional instruments

Question 9

Features of African Music

Answer 9

• the importance of rhythm
• the use of traditional instruments
• the predominance of idiophones and membranophones (except in South Africa)
• ostinatos - repeated rhythmic and/or melodic ideas - as a means of structuring a
• piece
• polyrhythms - the simultaneous playing or singing of different rhythms by performers
• who frequently begin at different times
• call-and-response - a short melodic idea sung by a soloist and answered by a group
• unchanging tempos
• singing in tribal languages

Question 10

What are the similarities from African Music to Japanese Music?

Answer 10

• the importance of rhythm
• ostinatos - repeated rhythmic and/or melodic ideas - as a means of structuring a piece
• call-and-response - a short melodic idea sung by a soloist and answered by a group
• the predominance of membranophones

Question 11

What does Ostinato mean?

Answer 11

A short melodic rhythm.

Question 12

What does Polyrhythm mean?

Answer 12

Two or more different rhythms layered together.

Question 13

What does call and response mean?

Answer 13

A speaker says something and an audience responds.

Question 14

What does improvisation mean?

Answer 14

It is spontaneous music created on the spot, without preparation.

Question 15

Features of Irish Music

Answer 15

• Dance-based, for example jigs and reels.
• Lively tempos.
• Heterophonic texture – that is, the simultaneous playing of one melody by two or more instruments with at least one playing slight variations.
• The use of traditional instruments.
• The use of ornamentation – slides and extra notes – by the melody instruments to decorate the melody.
• Simple forms, with repeated sections.