Music Revision Questions Flashcards
What is a lied?
A song for voice and piano
Where do lieder originate from
Vienna, Austria
When were lieder written?
The Romantic Period (1830-1900)
Who wrote lieder?
Schumann, Schubert, and Bhrams
What are the two structures used in lieder?
Through composed (each verse is different) and strophic (all verses have the same tune)
What instruments are used in lieder?
A piano and a solo voice
Where would lieder have traditionally been performed?
In private houses
What is a pop ballad?
A slow, romantic song which tells a story
Who composed pop ballads?
The Beatles, Elton John, and The Carpenters
What is the structure in pop ballads?
A verse/chorus structure
What instruments are used in pop ballads?
- Pop/rock band
- Lead and backing vocals
- Guitars
- Keyboards
- Synthesisers
What is a classical concerto?
A work for a solo instrument and an orchestra
When were classical concertos performed?
The Classical Period (1750-1830)
Who wrote classical concertos?
Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven
What is a cadenza?
A part in the classical concerto where the soloist can demonstrate their skill
What is jazz music?
A fusion of African and American music
Who performed jazz music?
Louis Armstrong, Miles Davis, and Charlie Parker
What is the rhythm in jazz like?
Syncopated and swung
What instruments are used in jazz music?
- Rhythm section (drums, double bass, and piano)
- Lead instruments (trumpet, saxophone, and trombone)
Where would jazz be performed?
In a jazz club
What is the scale used in Indian classical music?
The raga scale
What instruments are used in Indian classical music?
- Tabla (play the tala rhythm)
- Tambura (plays the harmonies)
- Sitar (plays the melody)
- Solo voice
What is the structure for Indian classical music?
Alap/Jhor/Jhala/Gat
Name five key features of baroque chamber music
- Terraced or stepped dynamics (sudden changes)
- Harpsichord (plays the basso continuo)
- Texture is often contrapuntal (polyphonic)
- Lots of ornaments (e.g. trills)
- Trio sonata was popular
Name three features of classical chamber music
- String quartet was popular (two violins, one viola, and a cello)
- Balanced four bar phrases
- Subtle dynamics (crescendos and diminuendos)
What is African a cappella?
African music without instrumental accompaniament
Name an African a cappella artist
Ladysmith Black Mambazo
What are the two types of a cappella singing?
- Mbube (means ‘lion.’ Loud and powerful. Has one or more high-pitched singers)
- Isicathamya (means to tip-toe. Uses four-part harmony and call and response. There are dance moves)
What is Bhangra?
A fusion of western pop and Indian folk music
What language is Bhangra sung in?
Punjabi
What is the rhythm used in Bhangra music?
The chaal rhythm
What instruments are used in Bhangra
- Male vocals
- Backing vocals (shouts of “hoi”)
- Sitar
- Dhol drum
- Sound effects
Name two features of Bhangra dance
- Jumps
- Farming movements
What is a waltz
A romantic paired dance in 3/4
Where did waltz originate from?
Vienna, Austria
Name two composers of waltzes
Johann Strauss andTchaicovsky
What period were waltzes written in?
The Romantic Period (1830-1900)
Where would waltzes be performed?
In a ballroom
Where did salsa originate from?
Cuba
What is salsa a fusion of?
Cuban Son and American jazz
What’s the rhythm in salsa?
The Son Clave rhythm
What are the instruments used in salsa?
- Singers
- Piano
- Tres guitar
- Bass
- Cowbells, calves, confess, maracas, and guiros
- Trumpets
- Saxophones
What are the three sections of salsa music?
- Sonero (solo)
- Montuno (chorus)
- Mambo (instrumental break)
Name five features of the salsa dance
- Fast movements
- Use of lifts
- 4 move step
- Paired dance
- Intricate footwork
Where does the tango originate from?
- Buenos Aires, Argentina
- The slums
- Moved to Paris
Name five musical features of the tango
-In 4
4
-Dotted rhythms
-Violin usually improvises
-Creacendos
-Moderate tempoName four instruments used in the tango
- Bandoneon
- Double bass
- Tres guitar
- Piano
Name five features of a tango dance
- Paired dance
- Closed hold
- Intricate footwork
- Lots of walking
- Upper body remains straight/rigid
