Music Properties If Sound Flashcards
Waves
Amplitude and wavelength
Amplitude is volume
The latter amplitude, louder the note will be
Wavelength is pitch
The shorter the wavelength the higher the note will be
Elements of music (musica/Latin)
What are the four properties of sound and their 12 elements?
1) pitch - Melody
Harmony
Tonality
2) timbre- Tone colour
Articulation
3) intensity- Dynamics
Articulation
4) duration- Pulse
Beat
Rhythm
Meter
Tempo
Timbre
Tone colour or tone quality
And with oscilloscope with the differences between sine waves
Classification of instruments
Aeroplane- air sound
(brass & woodwind) = horn&trumpet & flute&oboe
Chordophone- chord/ string sound
(string) =violin & piano
Idiophone- self sound
(no drums) =cymbals
Membranophone- skin sound
(only drums) = kettle & brass drums
Electrophones- electric sound
Pitch
The frequency of a sound, not measures by hertz because it is heard by the listener.
Definite- the sound is clear
Indefinite- discerned with great difficulty
Concert pitch- the A above the middle C, to balance tunes
Fundamentals- vibration that you can clearly hear
Overtone- hard to hear vibrations/ faint
Harmonics- overtones and fundamentals in one
Melody (horizontal)
Is the succession of pitches in a specific rhythm
Classical western, modern music, jazz and rock&pop
Similar motion- head in same direction
Contrary motion- opposite directions
Oblique motions- one is constant and one changes
Monophonic- same melody
Homophobic-one melody and backing component
Polyphonic- many melodies at same time
Harmony (vertical)
Vertical sounding notes- pitches= chords
Consonant chords
Major- happy sounding chord
Minor- sad sounding chord
Dissonant chords
Augmented & diminshed
Tonality
The relationship if chords in a center or tonic
Articulation
It affects the transition or continuity
Single
Staccato • Laggato ❣ Martelato ^ Marcato > Tenuto _
Dynamics
Volume of a single note
Very soft- pianissimo- pp
Soft- piano- p
Moderately soft- mezzo piano-mp
Moderately loudly- mezzo forte - mf
Loud- forte - f
Very loud- fortissimo - ff
Becoming loud- crescendo - cresc.
Becoming softer- decreasendo- decresc.
Pulse
A series of beats
Beat
It is the pulse
Tempo
The speed of the beat - BPM beats per minutes
Rhythm
A recurring motion
Properties of sound
1) frequency
2) medium
3) vibration
It is a mechanical pressure wave
(Sinusoidal waves)
1) source (measured in hertz) (how many cycles per second)
2) gas/solid/liquid
3) receiver/ear
