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MUSC 120 - Intro To Music > Music Fundamentals Pt. 1 > Flashcards

Music Fundamentals Pt. 1 Flashcards

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Ultimate Music Theory flashcards
1
Q

Pitch

A

Frequency i.e high or low

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2
Q

Music

A

Organized sounds

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3
Q

Dynamic

A

Volume i.e. loud or soft

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4
Q

Rhythm

A

Duration; short or long sounds

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5
Q

Timbre

A

Tone color; uniqueness or quality of the sound
I.e. pure, harsh, tense
- has a lot to do with the frequency of sounds

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6
Q

Interval

A

Measurable distance between frequencies or notes

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7
Q

Octave

A

An arrangement of 8 notes

*octave can be divided differently according to each culture

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8
Q

Scale

A

Mode; Arranged notes from low to high or vice versa

  • mode is related to mood
  • we use 7 notes in our scale from the 12 notes that we have
  • our scale is from low to high
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9
Q

Modulation

A

A change from one mode or scale to another

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10
Q

Melody

A

The succession of notes

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11
Q

Motion

A

How the melody moves

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12
Q

Conjunct

A

Smooth and connected notes

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13
Q

Disjunct

A

To skip or jump around in pitch

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14
Q

Syllabic

A

One syllable to one note relationship

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15
Q

Melismatic

A

More than one note per syllable

*mainly done one vowels

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16
Q

Theme

A

The main melody or main idea in piece of music

  • there can be more than one theme in a piece of music
  • the main emphasis of the piece
  • is always used a point of departure and return
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17
Q

Climax

A

A point in time where the notes are intense, very high

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18
Q

Phrases

A

The smaller chunks of melodies in between breaks(the breathing points)

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19
Q

Cadence

A

The pauses or breathes in the melody, where the melody stops

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20
Q

Counter melody

A

A melody against another melody

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21
Q

Motive

A

Short (usually 2 or 3) notes that repeat and combine that create something bigger
- characteristic

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22
Q

Contour

A

The shape of the melody

- goes up or down or stays the same

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23
Q

Ascending

A

Melody goes up

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24
Q

Descending

A

Melody goes down

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25
Q

Static

A

The next note is the same as the previous

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26
Q

Tonic

A

1st and last note of the scale

The last note is an octave above the first note

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27
Q

Supertonic

A

2nd note of the scale

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28
Q

Mediant

A

3rd note of the scale; the note that mediates

- halfway between the lower tonic and dominant

29
Q

Subdominant

A

4th note

  • supposed to be named a dominant that is lower than the tonic
  • halfway between the high and low tonic
30
Q

Dominant

A

5th note

- halfway between the high and low

31
Q

Submediant

A

6th note; lower mediant

- between the higher tonic and subdominant

32
Q

Leading tone

A

7th note

- leading us to the tonic

33
Q

Melodic contour typology

A

A bunch of symbols used to analyze melody

- creator (Charles Adams) created 15 different shapes to describe a melody

34
Q

A rhythm

A

Combinations of time values; a combination of long and short values

35
Q

Meter

A

Grouping of numbers or making music into countable units

36
Q

Measure

A

1 unit of meter

37
Q

Beat/pulse

A

Steady unit that repeats that we count

38
Q

Downbeat

A

The first beat

39
Q

Upbeat

A

The last beat

40
Q

Offbeat

A

The emphasis between the beats

41
Q

Subdivide the beat

A

Breaking your beat down into smaller units

42
Q

Simple subdivide

A

Into units or multiples of 2

43
Q

Compound subdivide

A

Into units or multiples of 3

44
Q

Syncopation

A

A deliberate upsetting of the music; a rhythm that pulls us away from the beat
- to create a little tension

45
Q

Non-metric

A

Music that is difficult to find or sense a beat from; free music

46
Q

Ostinato

A

A repeated pattern that defines the piece

47
Q

Hocket

A

Interlocking pattern; interlocking rhythm

- a rhythm or melody, usually done between two or more people

48
Q

Polyrhythm

A

Multiple rhythms; a rhythm against a rhythm

Ex. African music

49
Q

Ghana drum ensemble

A
  • community is very important

—may not be a drummer, but are participating by dancing or singing or clapping

50
Q

Gankogui

A

Two bells

  • one is higher than the other
  • function is similar to a metronome
51
Q

Atoke

A

A bell that is shaped like a pea pod or a taco

52
Q

Axatse

A

A shaker made from a gourd with a net of seeds or beads around it

53
Q

Kaganu

A

Small drum, referred to as the child

- plays a simple pattern much like a child learning to drum

54
Q

Kidi

A

The mother

- a little larger than the Kaganu

55
Q

Sogo

A

The father

  • kidi and sogo are on equal footing in the ensemble; listens to each other
  • respond to each other, play patterns against and with each other
56
Q

Gboda

A

Referred to as the uncle or the big noisy uncle

- larger drum and plays more sophisticated patterns that are loud and noisy

57
Q

Atsimevu

A

Referred to as the grandfather/the elder

  • plays the most complicated patterns or rhythms
  • the leader of the ensemble
58
Q

Tempo

A

The speed of the beat

59
Q

Harmony

A

Two or more notes at the same time

60
Q

Chord

A

Three or more notes at the same time

61
Q

Tone clusters

A

Chords where notes are very close together

62
Q

Chord progression

A

Sequence of passage of chords; movement of one chord to another chord

63
Q

Consonance

A

State of very little tension; pleasing sounds; sounds that you don’t really disagree with

64
Q

Dissonance

A

Move away from consonance by adding more tension

65
Q

Resolution

A

The return to consonance

66
Q

Triad

A

A three-note chord that is built of thirds

67
Q

Third

A

A type of interval

68
Q

Key

A

The use of a specific scale in a piece of music

69
Q

Chromatic

A

12-step arrangement of notes; a type of scale

MUSC 120 - Intro To Music (1 decks)

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