Music Chapter 1 Flashcards
Timbre is sysnonymous with
tone color
Degrees of loudness and softness in music are called
dynamics
The realtive highness or lowness of a sound is caled
pitch
The distance between the lowest and the highest tones that a voice or instrument can produce is called
pitch range
The Italian dynamic marking traditionally used to indicate very soft,loud and very loud are (respectively)
Pianissimo,forte,fortissimo
The pitch of a sound is decided by the _________ of its vibrations
frequency
The distance in pitch between any two tones is called
an interval
When two different tones blend so well when sounded together that they almost seem to merge into one tone, the interval is called
octave
The frequency of vibrations is measured in
cycles per second
A dynamic accent occurs in music when a performer
emphasizes a tone by playing it more loudly than the tones around it
A gradual increase in loudness is known as a
crescendo
In music, a sound that has a definite pitch is called a
tone
Music can be dfined as
an art based on the organization of sounds in time
In general, the smaller the vibrating element, the ______ its pitch
higher
A thin piece of cane, used singly or in pairs by woodwind plaers, is called a
reed
The strings of a violin are tuned
by tightening or loosening the pegd
THe lowest instrument in the orchestra is the
contrabassoon
Systems of electronic components that generate, modify, and control sound are called
synthesizers
A part of an instrument’s total range is called a
register
The bow that string players usually use to produce sound on their instruments is a slightly curved stick strung tightly with
horsehair
The highest woodwind instrument in the orchestra is the
piccolo
If a string player uses vibrato by rocking the left hand to produce small pitch fluctuations it is because
using vibrato make the tone warmer and more expressive
plucking the string with the finger instead of using a bow is called
pizzicato
Symphonic bands differ from symphonic orchestras in that they
do not contain a string section
A piece of wood or plastic that brass players use to alter the tone of their instruments is called a
mute
Woodwind instruments are so named because they
were originally made of wood
The range of a singer’s voice depends on
training and physical makeup
The very high-ptiched tones that are produced when a string player lightly touches certain points on a string are called
harmonics
the main tool of composers of electronic music during the 1950s was the
tape studio
The regular pulsation that divides music into equal units of times is known as
beat
When a measure has two beats, it is said to be in
duple meter
The organization of beats into regular groups is known as
meter
“Vivace” is a temp indication which denotes a
lively temp
In syncopation, a ________ is accented
weak beat
Rhythm is the ordered flow of music through
time
When individual notes are stressed by being played louder or longer than surronding notes that are said to have
an accent
Which of the folowing tempo indications is the slowest: allegro, allegretto, vivace, presto?
allegrato
A system of writing music is known as
notation
The ______ shows the pitch of each line and space on the staff
clef
Adding a dot to a note increases its duration by
half
The meter of a piece is shown by its
time signature
A C# is ________ than a C
higher
A combination of three or more tones sounded at the same time is called?
chord
Harmony refers to
the way chords are constructed and how they follow each other
The triad built on the fifth step of the scale is called
dominant chord
Resolution refers to a(n)
dissonant chord moving to a consonant chord
______ in music adds support, depth, and richness to a melody
harmony
When the individual tones of a chord are sounded one after another instead of simultaneously, it is called a broken a chord or
arpeggio
A combination of tones that is considered unstable and tense is called a
dissonance
Traditionally, a composition would almost always end on a
tonic chord
A series of chords is called a(n)
progression
A combination of tones that is considered stable and restful is called a
consonance
Keys refer to
a central tone, chord, and scale
Another term for key is
tonality
In traditional western music, the ______________ is the smallest interval between successive tones of a scale
half step
A shift from one key to another within the same composition is called
modulation
The central tone around which is musical composition is organized is called the
tonic
Retaining some features of a musical idea while changing others is called
varitation
Ternary form can be represted as
as statement, contrat,return; or A B A
The organization of musical ideas in time is called
form
The form consisting of a musical statement followed by a counterstatement would be called
bianry
Changes in music style from one histroical period to the net are usually
continuous
We know little about the music of very ancient civilizations because
very little notated music has survived from these cultures
Musical textures refer to
how layers of sound are related to each other
When a melodic idea is presented by one voice or instrument adn then immediately by another voice or instrument, the technique is called
imitation
A round is an example of
strict imitation
When there is one main melody accomplained by chords, the textures is
homophonic
The texture of a single melodic line without accompaniment is
monophonic
Performance of a single melodic line by more than one instrument or voice is described as playing or sining in
unison
The technique of combining several melodic lines into a meaningful whole is called
countepoint
When two or more melodic lines of equal interest are performed simultaneously, the texture is
polyphonic
Contrapuntal texture is sometimes used in place of the term
polyphonic texture
A melodic phrase ending that sets up exceptions for continuation is known as a(n)
incomplete cadence
A series of single tones that add up to a recognizable whole is called a
melody
The emotional focal point of a melody is called the
climax
The reptition of a melodic pattern at a higher or lower pitch is called a
sequence
A resting place at the end of a phrase is called a
cadence
A shorter part of a melody is called a
phrase
Legato refers to playing or singing a melody
in a smooth, connected style
A melody that serves as the starting point for a more extended peice of music is called a
theme
A melody is said to move by steps if it moves by
adjacent scale tones
A short detached style of palying a melody is known as
staccato
