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Decathlon > Music > Flashcards

Music Flashcards

1
Q

theremin

A

the performed regulates frequency with one hand and amplitude with another by disturbing the magnetic fields that surround the protruding bars

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2
Q

musique concrete

A

electronically generated sounds and sounds produced by live instruments recorded on tape, where they could be edited, manipulated, and mechanically recombined to form collages of sounds that are “performed” via speaker

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3
Q

where we the first practitioners of musique concrete at?

A

Paris

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4
Q

a single isolated music note has what 4 properties?

A

1) pitch
2) duration
3) volume
4) timbre

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5
Q

pitch

A

highness or lowness of a sound

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6
Q

“a pitch”

A

a sound whose highness or lowness does not change

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7
Q

octave

A

the distance between the next highest or lowest key

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8
Q

fundamental

A

loudest and strongest frequency in a note

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9
Q

overtones

A

faint presences of higher picthes in a note

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10
Q

famous centers for electronic music

A

New York City, Paris, Cologne, Rome

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11
Q

the highest sound wave when the string of a guitar is plucked

A

110 HZ

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12
Q

Equal temperament tuning

A

mathematical ratios are adjusted so that the octave is divided into 12 equal parts

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13
Q

chromatic scale

A

12 different sharp pitches in ascending order

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14
Q

half step

A

distance between any 2 consecutive pitches in a chromatic scale

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15
Q

flat

A

raised

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16
Q

flat

A

lowered

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17
Q

enharmonic

A

identical pitches with different names

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18
Q

in western tradition, on how many pitches in music based?

A

seven

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19
Q

scale

A

an arrangement, in ascending order, of the seven basic pitches from which a piece of music is constructed

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20
Q

what are the 4 main scales?

A

mayor and 3 types of minor

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21
Q

when writing a scale, what tone is repeated at the top as the last tone?

A

the first tone

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22
Q

leading tone

A

seventh scale degree

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23
Q

what does the seventh degree scale sound like to western ears?

A

begs to be resolved to the C above

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24
Q

in the c mayor scale and the melodies it uses, what is a C called?

A

anchor

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25
Q

anchor

A

point of repose and completion

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26
Q

tonic pitch

A

the name namesake key of a scale

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27
Q

dominant pitch is also the-

A

fifth scale degree

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28
Q

dominant pitch

A

function as a second gravitational center that sets the melodies in place by pulling them away from the tonic

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29
Q

the “x” pitch may appear in a melody more times than a “y” pitch although the “y” pitch will remain the resting point

A 
x= dominant
y= tonic
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30
Q

interval

A

distance between any two pitches

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31
Q

in a scale, the intervals are-

A

1) small

2) evenly spaced

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32
Q

half step

A

unit of measurement when describing any interval

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33
Q

a half tone is also called a -

A

semistep

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34
Q

harmonic

A

when 2 pitches occur simultaneously

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35
Q

melodic

A

when 2 pitches occur in sucession

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36
Q

ascending

A

lower pitch occurs first

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37
Q

descending

A

higher pitch occurs first

38
Q

what intervals exceed an octave?

A

1) major and minor 9th

2) major and minor 10th

39
Q

the major and minor 9th and major and mayor 10th can be though as an

A

octave plus an m2 (13 half-steps), m4 (14 half-steps), m3 (15 half-steps), and m6 (16 half-steps)

40
Q

scale

A

succession of whole and half-steps

41
Q

Music

A

Sound organized in time

42
Q

What is required for music?

A

1) time frame
2) sound waves
3) cognitive mind

43
Q

Improvisation

A

Composition and performance

44
Q

Sound

A

A wave of energy

45
Q

What is a wave of energy composed of?

A

1) amplitude 2) frequency

46
Q

Amplitude

A

Decibel levels

47
Q

Decibel levels

A

How loud or soft a tone is

48
Q

The greater the frequency if the sound wave-

A

The greater the pitch

49
Q

The greater the pitch, the - of the sound wave

A

Frequency

50
Q

When the frequency is between 20 and 20,000 cycles per second, what do human ears hear?

A

A single, sustained tone

51
Q

Why does orchestral musician tune their instruments to in the United States?

A

A-440

52
Q

What does A-440 mean?

A

440 Hz.

53
Q

What does Hz. mean?

A

Cycles per second

54
Q

What does a pure sine wave at 440 Hz sound like?

A

An A above middle C

55
Q

What are the 2 kinds of musical sounds?

A

1) pitched

2) non-pitched

56
Q

ethnomusicologists

A

Modern term for people who study the music of other cultures, or those who study cultures comparably

57
Q

Who organized instruments into 4 groups?

A

Curt Sachs and Erich van Hornbostel

58
Q

What are the 4 original groups of instruments?

A

1) chrodophones
2) membranophpnes
3) idiophones
4) aerophones

59
Q

Chrodophones

A

One or more strings are plucked, bowed or struck

60
Q

What creates the sound in chrodophones?

A

The vibrating string

61
Q

What are some examples of chordophones?

A

Violins, harps, guitars

62
Q

Aerophones

A

Vibrating column of air

63
Q

What are examples of aerophones?

A

Bras and wind, many varieties of horns and flutes

64
Q

Membranophones

A

Skin or some other membrane stretched across a frame

65
Q

What vibrates when a membranophone is strucked

A

The membrane

66
Q

Idiophones

A

Body of the instrument itself vibrates when struck

67
Q

Examples of idiophones

A

Bells, woodblocks, xylophones

68
Q

What was the 5th instrument category?

A

Electrophones

69
Q

Electrophones

A

Create sound waves using a mechanical device known as oscillator and dependent upon electricity

70
Q

What are instrument family groups?

A

1) Strings
2) brass
3) woodwind
4) percussion
5) keyboard

71
Q

Strings

A

String instruments usually bowed or plucked

72
Q

Brass instruments

A

Aerophones made of metal

73
Q

What makes brass instruments vibrate?

A

The performers buzzing lips

74
Q

Woodwind instruments

A

Aerophones in which the column of air is moved by breath alone

75
Q

Percussion instruments

A

Membranophones and idiophones, chords phones that are stuck rather than bowed or plucked

76
Q

Ivan Susanin ‘Glory Chorus’ (epilogue)

A

Glinka

77
Q

What part of the opera is the Glory Chorus?

A

Epilogue

78
Q

Kamariskaya (excerpt)

A

Glinka

79
Q

Symphony no. 2, I Allegro (excerpt)

A

Borodin

80
Q

Boris Godinov, excerpt from Act IV (death scene)

A

Mussorgsky

81
Q

Scheherazade, I. ‘The Sea and Simbad’s Ship’ (excerpt)

A

Rimsky-Korsakov

82
Q

Symphony no. 6, IV. Finale (excerpt)

A

Tchaikovsky

83
Q

Piano concerto no. 2, I. Moderator (excerpt)

A

Rachmaninoff

84
Q

Prometheus: Poem of Fire (excerpt)

A

Scriabin

85
Q

Petruska, part I: The Shrovertide Fair

A

Stravinsky

86
Q

Zavod (Iron Foundry)

A

Mosolov

87
Q

Romeo and Juliet, “Romeon and Juliet Before Parting” (excerpt)

A

Prokofiev

88
Q

Symphony no. 7, excerpt from movement 1 (“Invasion Episode”)

A

Shostakovich

89
Q

Octect, movement IV and V

A

Ustvolskaya

90
Q

Concerto Grosso no. 1 II. Tocata

A

Schnittke

Decathlon (3 decks)

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