Music 150 Listening test 3 Flashcards
Art Songs (Lied/Lider)
Poem or text with musical accompaniment
Program Symphony
Symphony that is preformed with a program that tells a story
Nocturne
Musical composition inspired by night
Song cycle
A collection of stand alone songs that are preformed as a single unit
Music Drama
an opera whose structure is governed by considerations of dramatic effectiveness, rather than by the convention of having a series of formal arias.
Salon Music
Solo pieces usually composed for piano that were for intimate settings
Strophic
a musical form where the same music is used for all verses or stanzas of a song
Through Composed
a musical form that uses a continuous progression of new music for each new stanza or line of lyrics, without repetition
Miniature
A short piece of romantic music
Grandiose
a long piece of romantic music
Romantic Melody
Melodies were lyrical and had longer phrases over more advanced harmonies than in the Classical period.
Rubato
a temporary change in tempo without changing the pace of the song
Romantic Tone Color
A variety of instruments used to indicate emotions or other dramatic effects.
Romantic Harmony
Chromatic Harmonies, extended chords, dissonance, Modulation
Chromaticism
a musical technique that involves incorporating notes from the chromatic scale into a piece that’s primarily in the diatonic scale
Leitmotif
a recurrent theme throughout a musical or literary composition, associated with a particular person, idea, or situation
Program
A document that outlines the parts of the performance or outlines the story
Pedal (Piano)
allows a note to sustain after your finger has left the key
The Sublime
a quality of greatness that is beyond measurement, imitation, or calculation
Idée Fixe
an idea or desire that dominates the mind; an obsession.
The grotesque
a general adjective for the strange, mysterious, magnificent, fantastic, hideous, ugly, incongruous, unpleasant, or disgusting
Gesamtkunstwerk
Richard Wager’s idea of “a total work of art”
Thematic Unity
the idea that the parts of a work are connected to or based on a common theme
Thematic Transformation
a musical technique that involves altering a theme, or leitmotif, to change its character while retaining its essential identity
The cult of the individual
a burgeoning form of collective consciousness in which all members of society respect the sovereignty the individual.
Romantic emotional expression
themes such as love, passion, death, melancholy, and rebellion
Industrial Revolution
the transition from creating goods by hand to using machines
Civic revolutions
American Revolution (1775-1783): Although it began before the Romantic era, its ideals influenced later movements. The revolution established principles of democracy and individual rights, serving as a model for future uprisings.
French Revolution (1789-1799): A significant catalyst for Romantic thought, the French Revolution sought to overthrow the monarchy and establish a republic based on the principles of Enlightenment. It inspired a wave of revolutionary movements across Europe, emphasizing the power of the people and national identity.
Latin American Wars of Independence (1808-1826): Inspired by the American and French revolutions, various countries in Latin America fought for independence from Spanish and Portuguese colonial rule. Leaders like Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín sought to establish sovereign nations based on Enlightenment principles.
Revolutions of 1848 (the Springtime of Nations): A series of interconnected revolutionary waves across Europe, these uprisings were driven by demands for national independence, liberal reforms, and social justice. While many were suppressed, they laid the groundwork for future political changes and inspired nationalist movements.
Greek War of Independence (1821-1832): The struggle for independence from Ottoman rule resonated with Romantic ideals, particularly the emphasis on national identity and cultural heritage. This movement garnered significant support from European intellectuals and artists.
Social mobility
the movement of a person or family up or down the social and economic ladder, either within their lifetime or between generations
Middle class
a social class that falls between the upper and lower classes, and is made up of people with a variety of occupations, incomes, and education levels
Nationalism
identification with one’s own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations
Artistic revolts against the formality of the Classical era
The Romantic era marked a significant artistic revolt against the formal conventions of the Classical period, emphasizing emotion, individualism, and nature while rejecting Neoclassical ideals in favor of imaginative expression across visual art, literature, and music.
Supernatural
attributed to some force beyond scientific understanding or the laws of nature.
Victor Hugo
Victor-Marie Hugo, vicomte Hugo was a French Romantic writer and politician
Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German classical scholar, philosopher, and critic of culture, who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers
Johann Goethe
German poet who influenced romantic music
