music Flashcards
art of combining sounds of varying pitch to produce a coherent composition that is melodious, harmonious, intelligible, and expresses ideas and emotions.
music
elements of music enumeration (10)
Pitch
Volume or Intensity
Tempo or Rate
Duration
Timbre or Tone
Rhythm
Melody
Harmony
Texture
Form
is the relative highness or lowness of a tone.
pitch
is the loudness or softness of a sound.
volume or intensity
very soft
pianissimo
soft
piano
very loud
fortissimo
loud
forte
the speed of a composition or any of its sections. Ballads have a slow tempo, whereas dance songs have a fast rate.
tempo or rate
Very slow I 10-60 bpm
largo
Slowly with great expression I 60-72 bpm
adagio
Walking pace I 72-84 bpm
andante
Moderate speed I 85-110 bpm
moderato
Fast, quick and bright I110-140 bpm
allegro
Very, very fast I 140 + bpm
presto
the length of time during which a sound is produced.
Some sounds are longer than the others.
duration
the quality of sound that makes it distinct from other sounds
timbre or tone color
the consistent pattern or succession of identical or similar sounds.
rhythm
It is an orderly succession of tones or musical sounds.
melody
It is the one remembered by
a listener or the one he whistles or hums, especially so when he does not know the lyrics.
melody
the composite product when individual musical voices group together to form a cohesive whole.
harmony
refers to the effect of the different layers of sound in a piece of music, and the relationship between them
texture
Single melodic line (no accompaniment)
monophonic
simultaneous sounding of two or
more melodic lines of relatively equal interest
polyphonic
sounding of one main melody supported by a subordinate one, as in the performance
of a folk singer with a guitar accompaniment
homophonic
the overall organization of the composition. It is associated with shape, structure, and coherence. All the musical elements are put together to come up with the cohesive whole called form.
form
music created by the orderly relationships found among the planets and the changing seasons of the world.
musica mundana
is music created by human beings, by the unity of the body and the soul.
musica humana
is music created by musical instruments
musica instrumentalis
most eloquent music writer of the Middle Ages
boethius
kinds of music enumeration (4)
vocal
instrumental
mixed
ensemble
music produced by the voices of singers. The singing is done without the accompaniment of musical instruments.
vocal music
vocal music is clalled
acapella
music produced by musical instruments. It is performing without a soloist or a group of singers.
instrumental music
a combination of vocal
music and instrumental music
mixed music
usually performed in Mass, Requiem Mass, opera, oratorio, and cantata
mixed music
music rendered by a group of performers— singers and/or players of musical instruments.
ensemble
most spectacular of the ensembles because of its large size
orchestra
Usually performing under the direction of a conductor, the musicians playing several instruments of the same kind are given a part.
orchestra
It is divided into four sections: the string, the woodwind, the brass, and the percussion.
orchestra
a large ensemble composed of about 100 players.
symphony orchestra
form written for an orchestra in which one solo instrument, for example, a piano or a violin, is given prominence.
concerto
It is an instrumental ensemble having the size of an orchestra but consisting mainly or exclusively of wind and percussion instruments.
band
It usually performs in concert halls and outdoor events such as parades, funerals, football games, and the like.
band
a band usually composed of stringed instruments (banduria, laud, octavina, piccolo, guitarra, and bajo).
rondalla
Male voices have three registers:
bass (lowest)
baritone (middle)
tenor (highest)
The lowest of the male vocal registers is the
basso profundo
Female voices also have three registers:
alto (lowest)
mezzo soprano (middle)
soprano (highest)
The highest of the female vocal
registers is the
coloratura soprano
