Mushroom Identification Terminology Flashcards
Primary Ecological Functions
Decomposers (Saprotrophic)
Mycorrhizal
Parasitic
Saprotrophic types
Saprophytic decomposes plant matter
Lignicolous decomposes wood
Coprophyllic decompses dung
Mycorrhizal types
symbiosis with plant roots.
sometimes particular fungi associated with particular trees or groups of trees.
Agarics
Gilled Mushrooms
Spore surface type
Gilled
Smooth
Toothed
Tubes
Tubed spore surface
Polypores e.g. Boletes
Mushroom cap (pileus) shapes
Parabolic Bell-shaped Umbonate Mammate Depressed Funneled
Cap margin or edge features
Striations (striped) Tissue eroded Tissue hanging - appendiculate Edge turned in Inrolled or incurved Decurved (vs upturned) Planar Upturned
Pileal surface features
Degree of wrinkling, pitting, splitting
General dry-wet-sticky quality (e.g. shiny, dry, silky, gelatinous, moist, lubricious, viscid, subviscid, or tacky)
Whether its color or opacity changes as it dries (i.e. is it hygrophanous?)
The general texture, hairs, scales, pieces of tissue etc (e.g. smooth, velutinous, lacunose, areolate, glabrous, hispid, scabrous, pruinose, granulose, fibrillose, tomentose, floccose, pubescent, squamulose, micaceous or scabrous).
Largent I p22
Gill (Lamella) features
Their average spacing (e.g. distant, subdistant, close, or crowded)
Their branching pattern (bifurcating, dichotomous, and anastomosing - branch and recombine).
Their attachment to the stalk (e.g. free, adnexed, sinuate, subdecurent, decurrent).
The quality of their bottom edge (e.g. marginate, smooth, serrate, serrulate, eroded, crisped, undulating, or crenate).
The relative thickness of an individual gill.
The color or quality of the gill face.
Whether the gills self-liquefy (deliquesce) in age.
Spore surfaces of polypores
asses the diameter, shape, and density of the pore opening, as well as the color of the pore surface
Toothed spore surfaces
size, color, texture, and spacing of the teeth.
Less important in identification as fewer species in this class
