Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PANCE > Musculoskeletal system (8%) > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal system (8%) Flashcards

1
Q

Compartment syndrome is most commonly associated with what?

A

Long bone fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A complication of compartment syndrome is

A

Rhabdomyolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Findings of rhabdomyolysis

A

Myoglobinuria (coke colored urine, 3+ on urine dipstick but NO RBCs on micro)
Kidney failure: High potassium and phosphate, Low calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

morning stiffness with osteoarthritis usually lasts

A

LESS than 30 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Heberden and Bouchard nodes are found with what condition

A

Osteoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MCP joints are spared with what condition?

A

Osteoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bouchard node is what joint

A

PIP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Heberden node

A

DIP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

These Xray findings are suggestive of what condition:
- Joint space narrowing
- Osteophyte formation
- Subchondral bone cysts
- Subchondral bone sclerosis

A

Osteoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Back pain that is worse in the morning and IMPROVES with rest is likely

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What Xray finding is suggestive of Ankylosing Spondylitis

A

Bamboo spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

HLA-B27 is associated with

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what findings would suggest cauda equina

A
  • Saddle anesthesia
  • Urinary retention = incontinence
  • Bowel dysfunction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dx of cauda equina

A

Emergent MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tx cauda equina

A

Emergent neurosurgical consult for decompression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

+ Spurling Maneuver = limb pain or paresthesia is produce is for what dx

A

cervical radiculopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dx of cervical radiculopathy

A

MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is podagra

A

gout of the foot, especially the big toe (MTP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Negatively birefringent, needle like crystals indicate

A

Gout

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pseudogout is most commonly in the

A

Knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what medication can cause pseudogout

A

Thiazide diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Rhomboid shaped crystals and positively birefringent indicate

A

Pseudogout

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Xray finding suggestive of pseudogout

A

Chondrocalcinosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the primary cause of osteoporosis

A

Postmenopausal loss of estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

T score of -1.0 to -2.5

A

Osteopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

T score <-2.5

A

Osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the definition of severe osteoporosis

A

T score <-2.5 and fragility fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Two side effects of bisphosphonates

A

Jaw necrosis and pill esophagitis

28
Q

What are two pharmacological approaches to treating osteoporosis

A

1) Antiresorptives (slow bone loss) ie bisphosphonates
2) Bone forming (anabolic) ie parathyroid hormone

29
Q

When to screen for osteoporosis

A

Women 65yrs and older

30
Q

Polymyalgia rheumatica is associated with what condition

A

Giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis)

31
Q

Epidemiology of polymyagia rheumatic

A

W>M, >50yrs

32
Q
  • Symmetrical aching pain in the shoulders and hip girdle with prolonged morning stiffness (>30 mins)
A

Likely polymyagia rheumatic

33
Q

Tx of polymyagia rheumatic

A

Corticosteroids

34
Q

What are two causes of Reactive arthritis

A

Recent GI infections (Campylobacter jejuni) OR STI infections (Chlamydia trachomatis)

35
Q
  • Arthritis in the lower extremities (knee)
  • Ocular inflammation
  • Urethritis, cervicitis
    with preceding GI or STI infection
A

Reactive arthritis

36
Q

Laboratory findings suggestive of Rheumatoid arthritis

A

+Rheumatoid factor
+anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP) most specific

37
Q

Xray findings are suggest of
- joint space narrowing
- periarticular osteopenia
- joint erosions

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

38
Q

First line treatment of Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Methotrexate

39
Q

Swan neck and boutonniere deformities are found with what condition

A

Reactive arthritis

40
Q

pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A

inflammatory autoimmune disease, type III hypersensitivity reaction

41
Q

How is the Malar rash of lupus different from the rash of Roscea

A

SLE butterfly rash - SPARES the nasolabial folds
Roscea does not spare the nasolabial folds

42
Q

What laboratory studies are suggestive of SLE (lupus)

A

+ ANA
+ Anti-double stranded DNA
+ Anti-Smith antibodies

43
Q

First line treatment of Lupus

A

Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine

44
Q

CREST syndrome is associated with

A

Scleroderma

45
Q

what is CREST syndrome

A

Calcinosis
Raynaud phenomenon
Esophageal dysmobility
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasias

46
Q

what laboratory findings are suggestive of scleroderma

A

+ ANA
+ ANA-Scl-70 (diffuse scleroderma)
or + Anti-centromere antibodies (Limited scleroderma)

47
Q

Pharmacology for Raynaud phenomenon

A

CCB

48
Q

What are two complications of diffuse scleroderma

A
  1. Interstitial lung disease
  2. Pulmonary hypertension
49
Q

what is sjogren syndrome

A

Chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder causing destruction of exocrine glands (salivary and lacrimal)

50
Q

Dry eyes / gritty feeling (keratoconjunctivitis)
Xerostomia (dry mouth and decreased saliva production) in a women 40-60yrs is most likely

A

sjogren syndrome

51
Q

what laboratory findings are suggestive of sjogren syndrome

A

+antiSS-A (RO) and +antiSS-B (La) antibodies

52
Q

what condition would a +Schirmer test be for

A

sjogren syndrome

53
Q

Treatment of sjogren syndrome

A
  1. artificial tears
  2. Cholinergic agonists (pilocarpine)
54
Q

Plain radiograph findings of midshaft of long bones lytic lesions with “onion skinning” is suggestive of what diagnosis

A

Ewing sarcoma

55
Q

what is the 2nd most common malignant bone tumor in adolescents and young adults

A

Ewing sarcoma

56
Q

What is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children

A

Osteosarcoma

57
Q

Plain radiograph findings of sunburst pattern (periosteal reaction) is suggestive of what diagnosis

A

Osteosarcoma

58
Q

osteosarcoma is most often found where in long bones

A

metaphyseal region of long bones

59
Q

What is osteomyelitis?

A

bone infection

60
Q

what is the most common cause (organism) of osteomyelitis?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

61
Q

What is the initial imaging for osteomyelitis VS the most sensitive imaging.

A

Initial: Xray
Most sensitive: MRI

62
Q

Definitive diagnosis of osteomyelitis

A

Bone biopsy

63
Q

What is the most common cause of septic arthritis?

A

Staph aureus

64
Q

If a young and sexually active with risky sexual behaviors and practices presents with septic arthritis - what organism is likely the cause?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

65
Q

Septic arthritis most commonly affects what joint

A

Knee

66
Q

how to confirm the diagnosis of septic arthritis

A

Arthrocentesis

67
Q

Treatment of septic arthritis

A

Joint drainage or debridement and antibiotics (vancomycin plus ceftriaxone)

PANCE (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions