Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
question topics to ask about the client:
- problems w/ joints
Pain, stiffness, swelling,
heat, redness, limited
mobility - history of joint injury
- problems w/ muscles
Pain, cramping, weakness - bone pain
Deformity, injury, limping,
gait, back pain, hip pain - Functional assessment (ADLs), ask about each
Bathing, toileting, dressing,
grooming, eating, mobility,
communicating - occupational hazards
- older adults
A
subjective assessment
2
Q
assistive devices
women over 65 - osteoporosis screening
A
aging/older adults
3
Q
- Get Up and Go exam
- Tinetti Test or Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)
A
Gait
4
Q
- helps determine older adults at increased risk for falling
- monitor the time it takes for the person to rise from an armchair, walk 10 ft, turn, walk back, and sit down again
- healthy older adult older than 60 would manage this test in less than 10 seconds
A
Get Up and Go Exam
5
Q
- measures an older adult’s gait and balance abilities
- examines step length and height, gait initiation, step symmetry and continuity, straightness of the path of travel while trying to walk in a straight line, trunk position, and base of support during the period of double support.
A
Tinetti Test or Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)
6
Q
- Inspection
- Palpation
- Range of Motion
goniometer - Muscle Testing
A
physical assessment
7
Q
- Size and Contour of all joints
- Color
- Swelling
- Masses or deformity
- Atrophy of muscles
- Abnormal: effusion, bursitis, arthritis, dislocation, subluxation, contracture, ankylosis, Hebrden’s nodes,
A
inspection
8
Q
- palpate each joint
- heat
- tenderness
- swelling
- masses
A
palpation
9
Q
- assess ROM for all joints
- be aware about the terms for each ROM
- active and passive motion
- never force a joint past pain or stiffness
- during ROM, you must listen for crepitation
A
ROM
10
Q
model movements
A
active ROM
11
Q
support distal joints
A
passive ROM
12
Q
- Test strength of prime mover
- Repeat ROM with resistance
- Strength should be equal bilaterally
- Use grading system with assessment
- Document strength with resistance
A
Muscle testing
13
Q
- chin to chest
- chin up
- ear to shoulder
- right to left flexion
A
Assessing Head and Neck ROM
14
Q
flexion
A
chin to chest
15
Q
extension
A
chin up
16
Q
lateral bending
A
ear to shoulder
17
Q
w/ resistance - cranial nerve XI - spinal
A
right to left flexion
18
Q
- elbow
- carpal tunnel
- osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
A
Arms, hands, and wrist
19
Q
dislocation in a joint
mostly occurs in elbow
A
subluxation
20
Q
Carpal tunnel
breakdown of cartilage around the lower thumb joint
A
thenar eminence atrophy
21
Q
- wrist flexion sign
- assessing for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
- sitting or standing
- examiner passively flexed the patient’s wrist maximally (but not overpressure), while maintaining the shoulder in neutral and elbow in extension.
- positive: patient experiences numbness or tingling throughout the median nerve distribution of the hand within 45 seconds
- abnormal: numbness and burning w/ carpal tunnel syndrome
A
Phalen test
22
Q
- tingling or “pins and needles” feeling you get when your healthcare provider taps your skin over a nerve.
- May be an indicator that you have nerve compression or damage where they’re tapping
- positive: tapping your nerve causes a tingling sensation to radiate through that area of your body.
- negative: no tingling sensation; doesn’t mean it’s normal
A
Tineal sign
