Musculoskeletal Infection Flashcards
Risk factors
Age DM Joint damage Joint surgery Prosthesis Skin infection Immunodeficiency
Osteomyelitis pathology
Child-> blood born
Adult-> post surgery/injury
Staph aureus
Post traumatic-> open #
Post surgery-> poor blood supply -> prophylaxis
Acute haematogenous
-bacteremia settles in metaphysis
-pus on both sides of bone causes it to die
-new bone forms around sequestrium
Osteomyelitis associated conditions
Sickle cell Haemophilia DM Renal failure IV drug use malnutrition Immunosuppression HIV
Septic arthritis epidemiology
50% <3 years
Young adults and elderly
Most commonly knee
Septic arthritis pathology
Haematogenous/direct/penetrating
Most commonly s aureus
Gonorrhea in sexually active
Produces damage very quickly
Septic arthritis clinical features
Acutely hot swollen joint Fever Systemically unwell Hip/knee Painful passive ROM Loss of function
Septic arthritis investigations
Increased WBC, CRP, ESR X Ray initially normal USS for hip Joint aspiration -> gram stain, culture, crystals Blood culture Bone scan
Septic arthritis management
Imperial IV antibiotics till normal CRP, oral 4-6 weeks Joint wash out Analgesia Splinting -> osteoarthritis, epiphysis damage
Viral arthropathy common viruses
Parvovirus Rubella HIV EBV CBV
Viral arthropathy clinical features
Recent infection New sexual partner Wt loss Recent travel Small children Arthritis
Viral arthropathy investigations
IgM antibodies
Viral arthropathy management
Self limiting -> supportive
Treat underlying
