Musculoskeletal Dysfunction Flashcards
what age groups are fractures rare in
infancy - warrant CPS investigation
which fractures indicate abuse or sports participation
spiral fractures
plaster advantages
molded close to body, easy to write on, cheap
plaster disadvantages
long time to dry, not water resistant, heavy
synthetic advantages
light weight, fast drying, water resistant, many colors
synthetic disadvantages
cant be molded close to body, hard to write on, expensive
buck extension is
skin extension
buck extension is short/long term
short term
byrant traction is
skin extension
osteomyelitis
infection within the bone - usually s/ aureus
ostemyelitis RF
<10 year old boys
osteomyelitis s/s
pain, fever, erythema, edema, warmth
osteymyelitis
labs/cultures, XR, bone scan, CT/MRI, bone biopsy
Legg calve perthes patho
avascular necrosis of the femoral head
LCP RF
kids 2-12, specifically boys 4-8
LCP assessment
limp after activity, pain, joint stiffness
LCP Dx
XR/MRI
treatment of LCP
limited or NWB with braces to surgery in severe cases. usually self-limiting
complicaitons of LCp
osteoarthritis
scoliosis patho
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine 10+ degrees
scoliosis RF
adolescent girls
what score on the scoliometer requires parental notification
7 degrees
mild scoliosis curve
10-24
mild scoliosis treatment
observation and HCP eval every 3-6 months
moderate scoliosis curve
25-45
moderate scoliosis treatment
bracing 16-23 hours a day
boston brace
curves in the lumbar or thoracic area that is low profile and has plastic components
milwaukee brace
older and bulkier version for high thoracic or cervical spine fractures
severe scoliosis curve
over 45
severe scoliosis treatment
surgery
scoliosis surgery
growing rods
DDH patho
head of femur is seated improperly in the acetabulum
DDH RF
first borns, females, famil hx, breech, Large BW and oligohydraminos
DDH s/s newborn to 8-12 weeks
positive barlow and ortolani test
DDH s/s infants
limited abduciton of hips, asymmetry of gluteal and thigh folds, positive allis sign
DDh s/s older infants and kids
positive tredelenburg sign, leg length issues, telescoping mobility
DDH dx
PE, XR, ultrasound
DDH interventions birth to 6 months
pavlik harness
how long is the pavlik harness work
6-12 weeks
DDH interventions intants 6-24 months
bryant traction, surgery, spica cast or flexion abduction brace
DDH interventions for 24+
open reduction, spica cast or flexion/abduction brace
Clubfoot patho
complex deformity of the ankle and foot that might be unilateral or bilateral
positional club foot
due to position in utero
treatment of positional clubfoot
simple or casting or may correct spontaneously
syndromic club foot
associated with other deformities
which club foot is most resistant to tx
syndromic
congenital club foot
idiopathic aka true club foot
club foot s/s
pointed downard and inward, smaller and shorter foot, thinner calf, empty heel pad with a deep crease on bottom of foot
club foot intervention stages
correction, maintenance, follow-up
nonsurgical correction for club foot
ponsetti method
ponsetti method
serial casting for 6-10 weeks with weekly gentle manipulation. achilles tenotomy at conclusion
final cast is on for 3 weeks followed by removable boots and bar
arthritis patho
autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting the joints and other tissues such as articular cartilage
arthritis RF
girls
arthritis s/s
swelling, stuffness, pain, ltd ROM and **uveitis*
uveitis
eye inflammation potentially leading to blindness
arthritis dx
onset before 16 with continuous arthritic pain in 1+ joints for 6+ months
repetitive high fevers, rash on extremities and trunk, elevated ESR
XR shows soft tissue edema and joint space widening
