Musculoskeletal Diseases

Question 1

Diagnosis of OI

Answer 1

Congenital disorder of collagen synthesis affecting all connective tissue in the body

Question 2

OI presentation

Answer 2

Joint integrity-hypo mobility
Growth
Hearing
Cardiopulmonary function
Fractures, blue sclera,
Osteoporosis
Bowing of long bones
Triangular face

Question 3

OI treatment

Answer 3

Goal to improve optimal bone mass and prevention of fractures and deformities
Nutritional counseling
Weight bearing exercises
Patent handling techniques- positioning
Avoid rotational forces near joints

Question 4

What is Osgood-Schlatter Disease? (“Jumpers knee”)

Answer 4

Traction apophysitis of the tibial tuberocity. Caused by microtrauma at the patella tendon insert. Exacerbated by running, jumping, squatting. Over time hererotopic bone formation may be seen as a lump over the tibial tuberosity.

Question 5

What causes Osgood- schlatters?

Answer 5

Onset common during periods of rapid long bone growth when soft tissues are tensioned temporarily before accommodating the bone growth

Question 6

OGS Presentation

Answer 6

Localized point tenderness over patella tendon insertion on tibial tuberosity. Symptoms reproducible with resisted knee extension. Relieved by rest.
Generalized tightness in hip and knee muscles especially quads

Question 7

OSG management

Answer 7

Pain, immobilization, palliative modalities, gentle stretching

Question 8

What is osteogenesis Imperfecta?

Answer 8

P 189

Question 9

What is spinal stenosis?

Answer 9

Narrowing of the vertebral or intervertebral foramina

Question 10

Etiology of spinal stenosis

Answer 10

Age degeneration of vertebral segments, trauma, compression fracture, can be congenital.
Symptoms produced by stenosis includes disk herniation, osteophyte formation, hyper trophy of surrounding structures - ligamentum flavum

Question 11

Stenosis presentation

Answer 11

Gradual onset of pain in lumbar region worsening over time. Symptoms exacerbated by extension (standing upright or prone) relived by flexing. Stooped posture common, radiculopathy
Bilateral paresthesia, diminished reflexes
Bowel/ bladder dysfunction
Diminished coordination, ataxic gait, balance dysfunction, hyper reflexes

Question 12

Stenosis interventions

Answer 12

NSAIDS
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents
muscle relaxants
Manage kyphosis
Improve function and pain management
Improve muscular support and spinal stability through strength, flexibility, endurance exercises
Palliative modalities to manage pain
Assistive device to reduce strain on postural muscles
Lumbar laminectomy if conservative management fails