Musculoskeletal Development

Question 1

What does gastrulation do

Answer 1

produces the ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm, and notochord

Question 2

what is the ectoderm

Answer 2

epidermis and nervous system

Question 3

what is the mesoderm

Answer 3

msuscle, bone, blood, urogenital

Question 4

what is the endoderm

Answer 4

epithelial lining of gut

Question 5

what is the notochord

Answer 5

central support structure

Question 6

three sections of the mesoderm

Answer 6

paraxial mesoderm, intermediate mesoderm, lateral plate mesoderm

Question 7

what does the paraxial mesoderm produce

Answer 7

vertebrae, postcranial voluntary musculature, dermis

Question 8

what does the intermediate mesoderm produce

Answer 8

urogenital system

Question 9

what does the lateral plate mesoderm produce

Answer 9

appendicular skeleton and smooth muscle of gut

Question 10

what does the paraxial mesoderm specialize into

Answer 10

segmentally arranged somites

Question 11

whare does segmental arrangement of somites mean

Answer 11

somites are paired structures with one one either side of the notochord and are assicdiated with a specific spinal level and nerve

Question 12

what does spinal level segmentation mean

Answer 12

what happens tot he somite happens to all structures associates with the somite

Question 13

somites are divided into what primary structures

Answer 13

sclerotome and dermomyotome

Question 14

what is the sclerotome destined to become

Answer 14

vertebrae

Question 15

what is the dermomyotome destined to become

Answer 15

structures establishing the motor and sensory patters associated with the spinal cord

Question 16

What are the parts of the dermomyotome

Answer 16

dermotome and myotome

Question 17

describe the dermatome

Answer 17

becomes the dermis of the skin and establishes pattern association between skin sensation and spinal cord

Question 18

describe the myotome

Answer 18

becomes voluntary musculature and establishes pattern association between muscle function and spinal cord

Question 19

what are the two primary structures of myotomes

Answer 19

epimere and hypomere

Question 20

what does the epimere become

Answer 20

the epaxial muscles assiciated with dorsal ramus of mixed spinal nerve

Question 21

what does the hypomere become

Answer 21

the hypaxial muscles associated with the ventral ramus of the mixed spinal cord

Question 22

when does upper limb development begin

Answer 22

day 24

Question 23

when does lower limb development begin

Answer 23

day 26

Question 24

when is limb development mostly completed

Answer 24

day 60

Question 25

how do limbs form

Answer 25

emerge as bud off the parietal layer of the lateral plate mesoderm

Question 26

upper limb myotomes

Answer 26

C5-T1

Question 27

lower limb myotomes

Answer 27

L2-S3

Question 28

upper limb dermatomes

Answer 28

C5-T1

Question 29

lower limb dermatomes

Answer 29

L2-S3