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Musculoskeletal Anatomy (Class 12) > Musculoskeletal Anatomy > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Anatomy Flashcards

This deck is for the busy students in Musculoskeletal Anatomy class who don't have the time to make their own.

1
Q

Trapezius (Origin)

A

Upper: External occipital protuberance
Ligamentum nuchae
Middle: C7-T3 spinous processes
Lower: T4-T12 spinous processes

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2
Q

Trapezius (Insertion)

A

Upper: Lateral third of clavicle
Acromion of scapula
Middle: Spine of scapula
Lower: Root of spine of scapula

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3
Q

Trapezius (Action)

A 
Upper: Elveation
Lateral (upward) rotation of scapula
Middle: Adduction (retraction) of scapula 
Lower: Depression 
Lateral (upward) rotation of scapula
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4
Q

Levator Scapula (Origin)

A

C1-4 (transverse processes)

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5
Q

Levator Scapula (Insertion)

A

Vertebral border of scapula from superior angle of root to root of spine

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6
Q

Levator Scapula (Action)

A 
Elevation
Medial (downward) rotation of scapula
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7
Q

Rhomboid Minor (Origin)

A

C7 and T1 (spinous processes)

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8
Q

Rhomboid Minor (Insertion)

A

Root of spine of scapula

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9
Q

Rhomboid Minor (Action)

A

Adduction (retraction)

Medial (downward) rotation of scapula

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10
Q

Rhomboid Major (Origin)

A

T2-T5 (spinous processes)

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11
Q

Rhomboid Major (Insertion)

A

Vertebral border of scapula from root of spine to inferior angle

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12
Q

Rhomboid Major (Action)

A

Adduction (retraction)

Medial (downward) rotation of scapula

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13
Q

Serratus Anterior (Origin)

A

Lateral surface of upper 8 ribs (by finger-like slips)

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14
Q

Serratus Anterior (Insertion)

A

Vertebral border of scapula - anterior surface

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15
Q

Serratus Anterior (Action)

A 
Abduction (protraction)
Lateral (upward) rotation of scapula 
Stabilizes scapula against chest wall
Depression of scapula (lower fibers)
Assists forced exhalation
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16
Q

Pectoralis Minor, Subclavius (Origin)

A

Anterior surface of ribs 3,4,5 near costal cartilages

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17
Q

Pectoralis Minor, Subclavius (Insertion)

A

Coricoid process of scapula (medial border of superior surface)

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18
Q

Pectoralis Minor, Subclavius (Action)

A 
Abduction (protraction)
Depression
Medial (downward) rotation
Anterior tilt of scapula
Assists forced exhalation
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19
Q

Pectoralis Major (Origin)

A

Clavicular Head: Medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal Head: Sternum
Cartilages of superior 6 ribs
Aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

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20
Q

Pectoralis Major (Insertion)

A

Lateral lip of bicipital (intertubercular) groove of humerus

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21
Q

Pectoralis Major (Action)

A 
Adduction
Horizontal adduction
Medial rotation of humerus
Clavicular Head: Flexion of humerus
Sternocostal Head: Extension of humerus
Assists anterior tilt of scapula
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22
Q

Latissimus Dorsi (Origin)

A 
Thoracolumbar aponeurosis
Lower 6 thoracic spinous processes
Sacrum
Iliac crest of ilium
Lower 3 to 4 ribs 
Inferior angle of scapula
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23
Q

Latissimus Dorsi (Insertion)

A

Bicipital (intertubercular) groove of humerus

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24
Q

Latissimus Dorsi (Action)

A 
Extension 
Medial rotation
Adduction of humerus
Medial (downward) rotation of scapula
Assists depression of scapula
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25
Q

Supraspinatus (Origin)

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

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26
Q

Supraspinatus (Insertion)

A

Greater tubercle of humerus (superior facet)

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27
Q

Supraspinatus (Action)

A

Abduction
Scaption of humerus
Stabilization of head of humerus

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28
Q

Infraspinatus (Origin)

A

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

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29
Q

Infraspinatus (Insertion)

A

Greater tubercle of humerus (middle facet)

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30
Q

Infraspinatus (Action)

A

Lateral rotation

Extension of humerus

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31
Q

Teres Minor (Origin)

A

Upper 2/3 of axillary border of scapula

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32
Q

Teres Minor (Insertion)

A

Greater tubercle of humerus (inferior facet)

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33
Q

Ters Minor (Action)

A

Lateral rotation

Extension of humerus

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34
Q

Teres Major (Origin)

A

Inferior angle of scapula (dorsal surface)

Lower third of axillary border of scapula

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35
Q

Teres Major (Insertion)

A

Medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus

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36
Q

Teres Major (Action)

A

Extension
Medial rotation
Adduction of humerus

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37
Q

Deltoids (Origin)

A

Anterior: Lateral third of clavicle
Middle: Acromion of scapula - lateral surface
Posterior: Spine of scapula

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38
Q

Deltoids (Insertion)

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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39
Q

Deltoids (Action)

A 
Anterior: Flexion
Horizontal adduction
Medial rotation of humerus
Middle: Abduction of humerus to 90 degrees
Posterior: Extension 
Horizontal abduction 
Lateral rotation
Scaption of humerus
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40
Q

Biceps Brachii (Origin)

A

Short Head: Coracoid process of scapula

Long Head: Supraglenoid of tubercle of scapula

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41
Q

Biceps Brachii (Insertion)

A

Tuberosity of radius

Bicipital aponeurosis

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42
Q

Biceps Brachii (Action)

A

Flexion of elbow
Supination of forearm
Short Head: Flexion of humerus

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43
Q

Triceps Brachii (Origin)

A

Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral Head: Posterior humerus above spiral groove
Medial Head: Posterior humerus below spiral groove

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44
Q

Triceps Brachii (Insertion)

A

Olecranon process of ulna

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45
Q

Triceps Brachii (Action)

A

Extension of elbow

Long Head: Extension of humerus

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46
Q

Pronator Teres (Origin)

A

Humeral Head: Medial epicondyle of humerus

Ulnar Head: Coronoid process of ulna

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47
Q

Pronator Teres (Insertion)

A

Middle of lateral shaft of radius

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48
Q

Pronator Teres (Action)

A

Pronation of forearm

Assists in flexion of elbow

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49
Q

Pronator Quadratus (Origin)

A

Distal fourth of anterior ulna

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50
Q

Pronator Quadratus (Insertion)

A

Distal fourth of anterior radius

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51
Q

Pronator Quadratus (Action)

A

Pronates forearm

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52
Q

Brachioradialis (Origin)

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

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53
Q

Brachioradialis (Insertion)

A

Styloid process of radius

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54
Q

Brachioradialis (Action)

A

Flexion of elbow with forearm in mid-position (halfway between supination and pronation)

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55
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (Origin)

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

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56
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (Insertion)

A

Base of 2nd metacarpal

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57
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (Action)

A

Extension

Abduction of wrist (radial deviation)

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58
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (Origin)

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)

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59
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (Insertion)

A

Base of 3rd metacarpal

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60
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (Action)

A

Extension of wrist

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61
Q

Extensor Digitorum (Origin)

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)

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62
Q

Extensor Digitorum (Insertion)

A

Extensor expansion of 4 fingers

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63
Q

Extensor Digitorum (Action)

A

Extension of 4 fingers at MP joints

Assists extension of wrist

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64
Q

Sartorius (Origin)

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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65
Q

Sartorius (Insertion)

A

Upper medial shaft of tibia

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66
Q

Sartorius (Action)

A 
Assists flexion of femur
Assists abduction of femur
Assists lateral rotation of femur
Assists flexion of knee
Assists medial rotation of tibia when knee is flexed and unweighted
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67
Q

Psoas Major and Iliacus/iliopsoas (Origin)

A

Psoas Major: Lumbar vertebrae L1-5 - transverse processes
T12-L5 - bodies and intervertebral discs
Iliacus: Iliac fossa of ilium

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68
Q

Psoas Major and Iliacus/iliopsoas (Insertion)

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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69
Q

Psoas Major and Iliacus/iliopsoas (Action)

A

Flexion of femur
Psoas major: Flexion of trunk - lumbar spine
Assists lateral flexion of trunk - Lumbar spine

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70
Q

Rectus Femoris (Origin)

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine

Ilium at upper rim of acetabulum

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71
Q

Rectus Femoris (Insertion)

A

Patella

Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

72
Q

Rectus Femoris (Action)

A

Extension of knee

Assists flexion of femur

73
Q

Vastus Medialis (Origin)

A

Linae aspera of femur

Intertrochanteric line of femur

74
Q

Vastus Medialis (Insertion)

A

Patella

Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

75
Q

Vastus Medialis (Action)

A

Extension of knee

76
Q

Vastus Lateralis (Origin)

A

Linae aspera of femur

Greater trochanter of femur

77
Q

Vastus Lateralis (Insertion)

A

Patella

Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

78
Q

Vastus Lateralis (Action)

A

Extension of knee

79
Q

Vastus Intermedius (Origin)

A

Anterior and lateral femoral shaft

80
Q

Vastus intermedius (Insertion)

A

Patella

Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

81
Q

Vastus intermedius (Action)

A

Extension of knee

82
Q

Pectineus (Origin)

A

Superior ramus of anterior pubis

83
Q

Pectineus (Insertion)

A

Pectineal line of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter

84
Q

Pectineus (Action)

A

Flexion of femur
Adduction of femur
Assists medial rotation of femur

85
Q

Adductor Longus (Origin)

A

Anterior pubis - body, inferior to pubic crest

86
Q

Adductor Longus (Insertion)

A

Linae aspera of femur - middle one third

87
Q

Adductor Longus (Action)

A

Adduction of femur

Assists flexion of femur

88
Q

Adductor Brevis (Origin)

A

Anterior pubis - body and inferior ramus

89
Q

Adductor Brevis (Insertion)

A

Linae aspera of femur - proximal part

Pectineal line of femur

90
Q

Adductor Brevis (Action)

A

Adduction of femur

Assists flexion of femur

91
Q

Adductor Magnus (Origin)

A

Anterior Head: Inferior ramus of pubis
Posterior Head: Ischial tuberosity
Ramus of ischium

92
Q

Adductor Magnus (Insertion)

A

Anterior Head: Linae aspera of femur

Posterior Head: Adductor tubercle of femur

93
Q

Adductor Magnus (Action)

A 
Adduction of femur
Anterior Head: Assists flexion of femur
Assists medial rotation of femur
Posterior Head: Assists extension of femur
Assists lateral rotation of femur
94
Q

Gracilis (Origin)

A

Inferior ramus of anterior pubis

95
Q

Gracilis (Insertion)

A

Medial proximal tibia

96
Q

Gracilis (Action)

A

Adduction of femur
Assists flexion of knee
Assists medial rotation of tibia when knee is flexed

97
Q

Gluteus Maximus (Origin)

A

Posterior sacrum
Ilium (via sacrotuberous ligament)
Posterior (superior) gluteal line of ilium

98
Q

Gluteus Maximus (Insertion)

A 
Gluteal tuberosity of femur
Iliotibial tract (attaching to the lateral condyle of tibia)
99
Q

Gluteus Maximus (Action)

A

Extension of femur

Lateral rotation of extended hip

100
Q

Gluteus Medius (Origin)

A

Iliac crest of ilium

Ilium - between posterior (superior) and anterior (middle) gluteal lines

101
Q

Gluteus Medius (Insertion)

A

Great trochanter of femur

102
Q

Gluteus Medius (Action)

A

Abduction of femur

Anterior fibers: Medial rotation

103
Q

Gluteus Minimus (Origin)

A

Posterior ilium - between anterior (middle) and inferior gluteal lines

104
Q

Gluteus Minimus (Insertion)

A

Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

105
Q

Gluteus Minimus (Action)

A

Abduction

Medial rotation of femur

106
Q

Tensor of Fascia Lata (Origin)

A

Iliac crest - posterior to anterior superior iliac spine

107
Q

Tensor of Fascia Lata (Insertion)

A

Iliotibial tract (attaches to the lateral condyle of the tibia)

108
Q

Tensor of Fascia Lata (Action)

A 
Assists flexion of femur 
Assists abduction of femur
Assists medial rotation of femur
Assists stability of extended knee in standing and ambulation
Assists extension of knee
109
Q

Piriformis (Origin)

A

Anterior sacrum

Sacral ligament

110
Q

Piriformis (Insertion)

A

Greater trochanter of femur

111
Q

Piriformis (Action)

A

Lateral rotation of femur

112
Q

Biceps Femoris (Origin)

A

Long Head: Ischial tuberosity

Short Head: Linae aspera

113
Q

Biceps Femoris (Insertion)

A

Head of fibula - lateral aspect

Lateral condyle of tibia

114
Q

Biceps Femoris (Action)

A

Flexion of knee
Lateral rotation of tibia when knee is flexed
Long Head: Extension of femur

115
Q

Semitendinosus (Origin)

A

Ischial tuberosity

116
Q

Semitendinosus (Insertion)

A

Anterior proximal tibial shaft

117
Q

Semitendinosus (Action)

A

Extension of femur
Flexion of knee
Medial rotation of tibia when knee is flexed

118
Q

Semimembranosus (Origin)

A

Ischial tuberosity

119
Q

Semimembranosus (Insertion)

A

Posterior medial tibial condyle

120
Q

Semimembranosus (Action)

A

Extension of femur
Flexion of knee
Medial rotation of tibia when knee is flexed

121
Q

Tibialis Anterior (Origin)

A

Lateral condyle of tibia
Lateral shaft of tibia
Interosseous membrane

122
Q

Tibialis Anterior (Insertion)

A

Base of 1st metatarsal - plantar surface

Medial cuneiform tarsal bone - plantar surface

123
Q

Tibialis Anterior (Action)

A

Dorsiflexion of ankle

Inversion of foot

124
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus (Origin)

A

Lateral condyle of tibia

Proximal 2/3 of anterior shaft of fibula

125
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus (Insertion)

A

Middle and distal phalanges of 4 lateral toes

126
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus (Action)

A

Extension of 4 lateral toes at MP joints

Assists dorsiflexion of ankle

127
Q

Fibularis Longus/Peroneus Longus (Origin)

A

Head and lateral shaft of fibula - upper 2/3

128
Q

Fibularis Longus/Peroneus Longus (Insertion)

A

Base of first metatarsal - plantar surface

Medial cuneiform tarsal bone - plantar surface

129
Q

Fibularis Longus/Peroneus Longus (Action)

A

Eversion of foot

Assists plantarFlexion of ankle

130
Q

Fibularis Brevis/Peroneus Brevis (Origin)

A

Lateral shaft of fibula - lower 2/3

131
Q

Fibularis Brevis/Peroneus Brevis (Insertion)

A

Base of 5th metatarsal - lateral surface

132
Q

Fibularis Brevis/Peroneus Brevis (Action)

A

Eversion of foot

Assists plantarflexion of ankle

133
Q

Gastrocnemius (Origin)

A

Medial Head: Medial epicondyle of femur

Lateral Head: Lateral epicondyle of femur

134
Q

Gastrocnemius (Insertion)

A

Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (tendo Achilles)

135
Q

Gastrocnemius (Action)

A

Plantarflexion of ankle

Assists flexion of knee

136
Q

Soleus (Origin)

A

Soleal line of tibia
Posterior head of fibula
Upper shaft of fibula

137
Q

Soleus (Insertion)

A

Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (tendo Achilles)

138
Q

Soleus (Action)

A

Plantarflexion of ankle

139
Q

Tibialis Posterior (Origin)

A

Posterior tibia
Posterior fibula
Interosseous membrane

140
Q

Tibialis Posterior (Insertion)

A

Navicular tarsal bone

Adjacent tarsals and metatarsals on plantar surface

141
Q

Tibialis Posterior (Action)

A

Inversion of foot

Assists plantarflexion of ankle

142
Q

Platysma (Origin)

A

fascia over pectoralis amjor and deltoid

143
Q

Platysma (Insertion)

A

Mandible
Subcutaneous tissue and skin of lower face
Blends with muscles around mouth

144
Q

Platysma (Action)

A

Depression of mandible
Depression of lower lip, corner of mouth
Tensing of skin of neck

145
Q

Temporal/Temporalis (Origin)

A

Lateral surface of temporal bone

146
Q

Temporal/Temporalis (Insertion)

A

Mandible - coronoid process, ramus

147
Q

Temporal/Temporalis (Action)

A

Elevation of mandible
Retrusion of mandible
Unilaterally: Lateral deviation of mandible to same side

148
Q

Masseter (Origin)

A

Zygomatic arch

149
Q

Masseter (Insertion)

A

Mandible - Lateral surface of ramus

150
Q

Masseter (Action)

A

Elevation of mandible
Assists protrusion of mandible
Unilaterally: Lateral deviation to same side

151
Q

Sternocleidomastoid/SCM (Origin)

A

Sternal Head: Manubrium of sternum

Clavicular Head: Medial clavicle

152
Q

Sternocleidomastoid/SCM (Insertion)

A

Mastoid process of temporal bone

153
Q

Sternocleidomastoid/SCM (Action)

A 
Bilaterally: Extension of head
Flexion of neck
Unilaterally:
Lateral flexion of head to same side
Lateral flexion of neck to same side
Rotation of head to opposite side
Rotation of neck to opposite side
154
Q

Scalenes/Anterior, Middle, Posterior (Origin)

A

Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae:
Anterior scalene: C3-6
Middle scalene: C2-7
Posterior scalene: C4-6

155
Q

Scalenes/Anterior, Middle, Posterior (Insertion)

A

Ribs:
Anterior scalene - 1st rib
Middle scalene - 1st rib
Posterior scalene - 1st, 2nd ribs

156
Q

Scalenes/Anterior, Middle, Posterior (Action)

A

Anterior scalene: Flexion of head
Middle scalene: Lateral flexion of neck
Elevation of 1st rib in forced inspiration
Posterior scalene: Lateral flexion of neck
Elevation of 2nd rib in forced inspiration

157
Q

Quadratus Lumborum (Origin)

A

Iliac crest of ilium - internal lip

158
Q

Quadratus Lumborum (Insertion)

A

12th rib - inferior margin

Lumbar vertebrae 1-4 -transverse processes

159
Q

Quadratus Lumborum (Action)

A

Stabilization of 12th rib in inspiration
Unilaterally: Lateral flexion of trunk to same side
Elevation of pelvis to same side if thorax and vertebral column are fixed

160
Q

Rectus Abdominis (Origin)

A

Pubic symphysis

Pubic crest

161
Q

Rectus Abdominis (Insertion)

A

Ribs 5,6,7 - costal cartilages

Xiphoid process

162
Q

Rectus Abdominis (Action)

A

Flexion of trunk

Compression and support of abdominal viscera

163
Q

External Oblique (Origin)

A

Ribs - Lower 8 (5-12)

164
Q

External Oblique (Insertion)

A

Linae alba
Pubis
Anterior iliac crest

165
Q

External Oblique (Action)

A

Bilaterally: Flexion of trunk
Compression and support of abdominal viscera
Unilaterally: Lateral flexion of trunk
Rotation of trunk to opposite side

166
Q

Internal Oblique (Origin)

A

Inguinal ligament
Anterior iliac crest
Thoracolumbar aponeurosis

167
Q

Internal Oblique (Insertion)

A

Lower 4 ribs (9-12) - costal cartilages
Abdominal aponeurosis
Linae alba

168
Q

Internal Oblique (Action)

A

Bilaterally: Flexion of trunk
Compression and support of abdominal viscera
Unilaterally: Lateral flexion of trunk
Rotation of trunk to same side

169
Q

Splenius Capitis (Origin)

A

Ligamentum nuchae

C7,T1-3 vertebrae - spinous processe

170
Q

Splenius Capitis (Insertion)

A

Temporal bone - mastoid process

Occipital bone - superior nuchal line

171
Q

Splenius Capitis (Action)

A 
Bilaterally: Extension of head
Extension of neck
Unilaterally: Lateral flexion of head
Lateral flexion of neck
Rotation of head to same side
Rotation of neck to same side
172
Q

Splenius Cervicis (Origin)

A

T3-6 vertebrae

173
Q

Splenius Cervicis (Insertion)

A

C1,2,3 vertebrae - transverse processes

174
Q

Splenius Cervicis (Action)

A 
Bilaterally: Extension of head
Extension of neck
Unilaterally: Lateral flexion of head
Lateral flexion of neck
Rotation of head to same side
Rotation of neck to same side
175
Q

Erector Spinae (Origin)

A 
Thoracolumbar fascia 
Iliac crest of ilium
Sacrum - posterior 
Sacral ligaments
Lumbar vertebrae - spinous processes
176
Q

Erector Spinae (Insertion)

A

Iliocostalis:
Lower ribs - angles
Cervical vertebrae - transverse processes
Longissimus:
Ribs 3-12 - between tubercles and angles
Thoracic vertebrae - transverse processes
Cervical vertebrae - transverse processes
Temporal bone - mastoid process
Spinalis:
Thoracic vertebrae - spinous processes
Cervical vertebrae - spinous processes
Occipital bone - between superior and inferior nucheal lines

177
Q

Erector Spinae (Action)

A

Bilaterally: Extension of spine
Unilaterally: Lateral flexion of spine to same side

Musculoskeletal Anatomy (Class 12) (1 decks)

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