Musculoskeletal anatomy Flashcards
What is the axial skeleton
-“axis” of skeleton
- skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum
what is the appendicular skeleton
-appendages (arms and legs)
-bones of upper limb (including clavicle and scapula)
-bones of lower limb (including pelvic bones)
what is the diaphysis of the bone
shaft
what is the metaphysis of the bone
area between epiphysis and diaphysis
what is the epiphysis of the bone?
wider upper and lower ends
how many layers do bones have
2
what are the two layers of the bone and describe them
Compact bone
-outer, surrounds the marrow cavity
cancellous or trabecular bone
-inner, consists of meshwork of thin bony “struts”
what is compact bone arranged in
osteons, or haversian system
what is an Osteon
consists of concentric layers of bone (lamellae) with a central haversian canal, which contains blood vessels and nerves
what is between the lamellae
tiny spaces known as lacunae.
what is within each lacuna
an osteocyte, a living bone cell
what are osteocytes surrounded by
bone matrix
is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary
voluntary muscle
is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary
involuntary muscle (makes up the muscular walls of the heart)(myocardium)
is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary
involuntary muscle
