Musculoskeletal A&P

Question 1

normal synovial joints

Answer 1

a synovial or diarthrodial joint is any joint that allows movement

Question 2

4 major components of normal synovial joint

Answer 2

–subchondral bone plate
–articular cartilage
–synovium
–joint capsule

Question 3

subchondral bone plate

Answer 3

–subchondral = under cartilage
–bone just underneath the cartilage

Question 4

articular cartilage

Answer 4

–covers bone of the joint
–provides a smooth, slippery surface that allows free movement of joint

Question 5

synovium

Answer 5

–consists of space between 2 articulating bones
–synovial membrane that is inner lining of this cavity
–synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid that lubricates joint surfaces and removes debris

Question 6

joint (articular) capsule

Answer 6

–surrounds joint
–unites articulating bones

Question 7

three phases of bone healing

Answer 7

(1) inflammatory
(2) reparative
(3) remodeling

Question 8

inflammatory phase

Answer 8

–hematoma forms at fracture site

Question 9

role of inflammatory phase in bone healing

Answer 9

–provides stability
–aseptic inflammation occurs

Question 10

duration of inflammatory phase

Answer 10

–1-3 days for hematoma
–3 days-2 weeks for early repair

Question 11

3 components of reparative phase

Answer 11

(1) fibrous cartilage
(2) formation of callus
(3) ossification

Question 12

fibrous cartilage

Answer 12

formation of granular tissue containing blood vessels, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts

Question 13

formation of callus

Answer 13

when granular tissue has matured

Question 14

ossification

Answer 14

–space in bone is bridged and fracture ends are united
–callus replaced by trabecular bone

Question 15

duration of reparative phase

Answer 15

6 weeks

Question 16

remodeling phase

Answer 16

–bone consolidation with final remodeling
–healing is complete