musculoskeletal

Question 1

medial epicondylitis

Answer 1

golfer’s/bowler’s/rock climber’s elbow

-pain exacerbated by wrist flexion and pronation

Question 2

pronator syndrome

Answer 2

paln and tingling in palmar side fo forearm and digits 1-3

• • Tinel’s sign of pronator mm.
• entrapment of proxial media n and anterior interosseus n on medial elbow

Question 3

cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 3

weak fingers 2-5 and can’t flex digits 4-5
atrophy hypothenar and flexor carpi ulnaris
-can get bilaterally from sitting in Fowler’s position (emphysema)

Question 4

serous olecranon bursitis

Answer 4

student/dart throwers/miner’s elbow

• cool, non-erythematous and transilluminates (not septic)
• get effusion due to chronic overuse

Question 5

infected olecranon bursitis

Answer 5

red, hot, no transillumination

Question 6

lateral epicondylitis

Answer 6

tennis elbow
pain exacerbated by active wrist supination and extension
-cozen’s sign

Question 7

radial tunnel syndrome

Answer 7

lateral elbow

• pain/tingling in dorsal forearm and dorsal side of digits 1-3
• randial n. entrapped in brachioradialis

Question 8

What innervates the quadriceps? What is the most important quad muscle?

Answer 8

femoral nerve (L4)

• knee extension
• vastus obliquus medialis is largest

Question 9

which muscles insert at the pes anserine

Answer 9

gracilis, sartorius, semitendinosus

Question 10

what makes up the poplitea fossa? Which structures are contained here?

Answer 10

semimemb (medial), semitend (lateral), gastrocs

-contains tibial n and popliteal a

Question 11

what is ballotable patella a sign of?

Answer 11

intraarticular effusion

Question 12

housemaids knee

Answer 12

fluid in suprapatellar bursa

diffuse and doughy swelilng superior to patella

Question 13

roofer’s knee

Answer 13

bilateral

transilluminable

Question 14

clergy person’s knee

Answer 14

subpatellar bursa

swelling and tenderness adjacent and deep to patellar ligament

Question 15

5 signs of ACL tear

Answer 15

1. rapid balloning out of knee d/t effusion
2. severe, excruciating pain
3. can’t bear weight
4. audible pop
5. clenched fist when try to do any procedures
   * *must check foot pulses (popliteal arteyr), sensation on bottom foot (tibial n), strength of great toe (tibial n)

Question 16

lachman’s vs anterior drawer test

Answer 16

lachmans is more sensitive!

-anterior drawer at 90 degrees (less sensitive)

Question 17

active crank test

Answer 17

• lateral posterior pain w/ abduction: supraspinatus
• lateral posterior pain with external rotation: infraspinatus
• anteior pain with internal rotation: subscapularis

Question 18

Supination at forearm–nerve root?

Answer 18

C6

Question 19

active extension at elbow–nerve roto?

Answer 19

C7

Question 20

make a fist/claw–nerve root?

Answer 20

C8

Question 21

star trek fingers–nerve root?

Answer 21

T1

Question 22

yergason’s test

Answer 22

bicipital tendonitis, flex elbow and supinate

also pick up rupture of biceps tendon

Question 23

insertion of rotator cuff muscles

Answer 23

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor: greater tuberosity of humerus
subscapularis: less tuberosity

Question 24

thumbs up sign and wrist extension–what nerve?

Answer 24

radial n

Question 25

active OK sign–what nerve?

Answer 25

median n

Question 26

active abduction and adduction fingers–what nerve?

Answer 26

ulnar n

Question 27

make a fist–what nerve?

Answer 27

ulnar and median nerve

Question 28

sensation in snuff box–what nerve?

Answer 28

radial nerve

Question 29

sensation on thenar eminence–what nerve?

Answer 29

median n.

Question 30

sensation on hypothenar eminence–what nerve?

Answer 30

ulnar n.

Question 31

phalen’s test

Answer 31

• assess peripheral nerve entrapment
• backs of hands together, fingers pointing down
• thumb and pointer tingle: median n. entrapment
• other fingers tingle: ulnar n. entrapment

Question 32

finkelstein’s test

Answer 32

• make a fist with fingers around thumb, push passively to deviate ulnarly at wrist
• dequervains: pain in snuff box (surgeons)
• scaphoid mischief: pain in palmar wrist

Question 33

flex biceps/flex at elbow–nerve root?

Answer 33

C5/6