musculoskeletal Flashcards
medial epicondylitis
golfer’s/bowler’s/rock climber’s elbow
-pain exacerbated by wrist flexion and pronation
pronator syndrome
paln and tingling in palmar side fo forearm and digits 1-3
- Tinel’s sign of pronator mm.
- entrapment of proxial media n and anterior interosseus n on medial elbow
cubital tunnel syndrome
weak fingers 2-5 and can’t flex digits 4-5
atrophy hypothenar and flexor carpi ulnaris
-can get bilaterally from sitting in Fowler’s position (emphysema)
serous olecranon bursitis
student/dart throwers/miner’s elbow
- cool, non-erythematous and transilluminates (not septic)
- get effusion due to chronic overuse
infected olecranon bursitis
red, hot, no transillumination
lateral epicondylitis
tennis elbow
pain exacerbated by active wrist supination and extension
-cozen’s sign
radial tunnel syndrome
lateral elbow
- pain/tingling in dorsal forearm and dorsal side of digits 1-3
- randial n. entrapped in brachioradialis
What innervates the quadriceps? What is the most important quad muscle?
femoral nerve (L4)
- knee extension
- vastus obliquus medialis is largest
which muscles insert at the pes anserine
gracilis, sartorius, semitendinosus
what makes up the poplitea fossa? Which structures are contained here?
semimemb (medial), semitend (lateral), gastrocs
-contains tibial n and popliteal a
what is ballotable patella a sign of?
intraarticular effusion
housemaids knee
fluid in suprapatellar bursa
diffuse and doughy swelilng superior to patella
roofer’s knee
bilateral
transilluminable
clergy person’s knee
subpatellar bursa
swelling and tenderness adjacent and deep to patellar ligament
5 signs of ACL tear
- rapid balloning out of knee d/t effusion
- severe, excruciating pain
- can’t bear weight
- audible pop
- clenched fist when try to do any procedures
* *must check foot pulses (popliteal arteyr), sensation on bottom foot (tibial n), strength of great toe (tibial n)
lachman’s vs anterior drawer test
lachmans is more sensitive!
-anterior drawer at 90 degrees (less sensitive)
active crank test
- lateral posterior pain w/ abduction: supraspinatus
- lateral posterior pain with external rotation: infraspinatus
- anteior pain with internal rotation: subscapularis
Supination at forearm–nerve root?
C6
active extension at elbow–nerve roto?
C7
make a fist/claw–nerve root?
C8
star trek fingers–nerve root?
T1
yergason’s test
bicipital tendonitis, flex elbow and supinate
also pick up rupture of biceps tendon
insertion of rotator cuff muscles
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor: greater tuberosity of humerus
subscapularis: less tuberosity
thumbs up sign and wrist extension–what nerve?
radial n
active OK sign–what nerve?
median n
active abduction and adduction fingers–what nerve?
ulnar n
make a fist–what nerve?
ulnar and median nerve
sensation in snuff box–what nerve?
radial nerve
sensation on thenar eminence–what nerve?
median n.
sensation on hypothenar eminence–what nerve?
ulnar n.
phalen’s test
- assess peripheral nerve entrapment
- backs of hands together, fingers pointing down
- thumb and pointer tingle: median n. entrapment
- other fingers tingle: ulnar n. entrapment
finkelstein’s test
- make a fist with fingers around thumb, push passively to deviate ulnarly at wrist
- dequervains: pain in snuff box (surgeons)
- scaphoid mischief: pain in palmar wrist
flex biceps/flex at elbow–nerve root?
C5/6
