Musculoskeletal

Question 0

Serum Phosphorus

Answer 0

3.0-4.5

Hyperphosphatemia - may indicate bone fractures in healing stage, bone tumors, acromegaly
Hypophosphatemia - may indicate osteomalacia

Question 1

Serum Calcium

Answer 1

9-10.5
Hypercalcemia could indicated cancers of bone,Paget’s Disease, bone fractures that are healing
Hypocalcemia can indicate osteoporosis & osteomalacia

Question 2

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

Answer 2

30-120

Elevation could indicate metastatic cancers of bone, Paget’s Disease, osteomalacia
NB - Could be slightly increased in older adults

Question 3

Creatine kinase (CK-MM)

Serum Muscle Enzyme

Answer 3

Women 30-135
Men 50-170

Increases could indicate muscle trauma, muscular dystrophy & effects of EMG

Question 4

Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH)

Serum Muscle Enzyme

Answer 4

100-190

Increase may indicate skeletal muscle necrosis, cancer, MD

Question 5

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

Serum Muscle Enzyme

Answer 5

0-35 units/L

Increase may indicate muscle trauma & MD

Question 6

Aldolase (ALD)

Serum Muscle Enzyme

Answer 6

3.0-8.3

Elevations may include MB