Musculoskeletal Flashcards
1
Q
What is articular discomfort?
A
- swelling and tenderness of entire joint, crepitus, instability, locking, deformity
- will have limited active and passive ROM from either stiffness or pain
2
Q
What is extra-articular discomfort?
A
- ligaments, tendons, bursae, muscle fascia, bone, nerve, overlying skin
- limited active ROM
3
Q
What is ankylosing spondylitis?
A
IT is chronic, progressive stiffness in the back
4
Q
What is sciatica?
A
radicular (S1) low back pain, shooting pain below the knee that is worse with bending, sneezing, coughing straining
5
Q
What are some red flags for low back pain?
A
- less 20 y/o or greater than 50 y/o
- hx of cancer
- unexplained weight loss, fever, etc
- pain more than 1 M or no response to tx
- pain at night or at rest
- hx of IV drug use, addiction, immunisuppression
- long term steroid therapy
- CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME: bowel/bladder dysfunction (urinary retention and overflow incontinence, saddle anesthesia, perineal numbness)
- neurologic sx
6
Q
What is the order you want to follow for physical exam?
A
- inspection
- palpation
- ROM
7
Q
What are the types of arthritis?
A
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Osteoarthritis
- Gouty Arthritis
8
Q
What are sx of rheumatoid arthritis?
A
- chronic inflammation
- symmetric and progressive
- tenderness and inflammation of PIP, MCP, MTP, wrists, knees, elbows. Commonly low grade fever and weight loss
9
Q
What are sx of Osteoarthritis?
A
- may involve one joint with bony enlargement
- crepitus
10
Q
What are sx of Gouty arthritis?
A
- often at base of big toe
- hot, tender, red joint
11
Q
What are sx of rotator cuff tear?
A
- chronic shoulder pain with overhead movement, limited forward flexion and abduction
- passive ROM usually preserved
12
Q
What are sx of adhesive capsulitis?
A
- pain with passive and active shoulder ROM, especially external rotation
13
Q
What are signs of olecranon bursitis?
A
- swelling and inflammation of olecranon bursa
14
Q
What are sx of Epicondylitis?
A
- lateral: pain with wrist extension, tenderness near lateral epicondyle
- medial: pain with wrist flexion, tenderness at medial epicondyle
15
Q
What are sx of osteoarthritis?
A
- hard, painless nodes at DIP (Heberden’s nodes)
