Musculoskeletal Flashcards
When inspecting a musculoskeletal region of the body, what should be noted?
Size Symmetry Swelling Deformity Color Skin Texture
Musculoskeletal joints to be inspected?
Shoulder
Upper Arm/Forearm
Elbow
Wrist/Hand
Unique things to observe on the upper arm/forearm?
Venous Pattern
When inspecting the wrist/hand, one should specifically look for
Thenar+Hypothenar eminence for atrophy/asymmetry
Joints for Swelling/Erythema
Snuffbox
Color and Texture of Nails
When palpating the shoulder, be sure to check…
- Anterior to acromion+over subacromial/deltoid bursa
- Head of the humerus for tenderness at insertion points
- Bicipital groove
What are you feeling for when you palpate the shoulder
Sweet MC
Swelling Warmth Effusions Edema Tenderness Masses Crepitus
What are you feeling for in the upper arm/forearm?
Masses
Warmth
Edema
Tenderness
When examining the elbow you should palpate?
- Olecranon process, M and L epicondyle, Extensor surface of ulna, grooves overlying the elbow joint
- Bilateral brachial pulse - compare the two
What do you palpate in the wrist/hand?
- Thenar/Hypothenar
- Joints
- Anatomical Snuffbox
- Radial Pulse Bilaterally
- Capillary Refill Time (Blanch Nail Bed)
Normal time for capillary refill?
2 seconds
What happens when you assess shoulder motion
- Arms to shoulder level, palms down
- Arms over head, palms face eachother (diving)
- Hands behind neck, elbows out
- Put hands behind small of back
- Adduct each arm across chest
What do you call when you put hands behind the neck, elbows out
Apley scratch test
What do you call it when you adduct each arm across chest
Crossover Test
When assessing Elbow ROM
Flex and extend elbows
Turn palms up and down
Wrist and Hand ROM test
Flex and extend wrists
Move the hand toward the radial and ulnar sides
Flex and extend at the MCP joint w/ straight and fist
How to assess carpal tunnel?
Thumb abduction
Tinel’s Sign
Phalen’s Test
How do you inspect spinal curvatures
Upright spinal column from behind and the side (imaginary line from C& into your butt)
When palpating the spine..
Palpate spinous processes
Palpate Sacroiliac joint (ID w/ dimple over posterior Illiac spine)
How to assess spinal ROM?
Flexion - bend ova to the front touch ya toes
Extension - Bend back as par as possible
Rotation - wag yo ass back and forth
Lat bending - side to the waist
How to inspect a hip?
Patient Lies on Side
Observe Size, Symmetry, swelling, deformity, color, texture
What do you inspect on the leg
The same shit as the arm.
dumb ass.
How to inspect the knee
With patient supine
Size, symmetry, swelling, color, texture
How to inspect ankle/foot
Observe size, swelling, deformity, color, skin
Venous pattern
Color and Texture (Skin, Hair, Nails)
How to palpate the hip
- Inguinal Ligament (location of the iliopectineal bursa)
, trochanteric bursa, and ischiogluteal bursa - Femoral pulse bilaterally
