Musculoskeletal '25

Question 1

Class 1 malocclusions

Answer 1

No underbite or overbite, but the teeth don’t come together.

Question 2

Class 2 malocclusions

Answer 2

Overbite

Question 3

Class 3 malocclusions

Answer 3

Underbite

Question 4

Rabbit and rodent incisor Malocclusion primary and secondary cause

Answer 4

Primary: Congenital deformity
Secondary: Diets lacking in fibre.

Question 5

Rabbit and Rodent teeth issues patient presentation?

Answer 5

Anorexia, weight loss, lack of grooming, teeth grinding, wet chin/neck, abscesses, obstruction to nasolacrimal duct.

Question 6

Intervertebral disc disease?

Answer 6

The dislodging of intervertebral discs
(causing them to come into contact with spinal cord)

Question 7

Intervertebral disc disease patient presentation?

Answer 7

Pain
Hunched back
Muscle spasm
Incontinence

Question 8

Intervertebral disc disease Type 1 and Type 2?

Answer 8

Type 1: Middle part of disc tears outer part of disc. (small breeds)
Type 2 : Outer part of disc bulges and enters spinal cord. (older large breeds)

Question 9

Laminectomy?

Answer 9

Removal of herniated disc fragments

Question 10

Hip dysplasia surgical options

Answer 10

Juvenile Pubic Symphysiodesis (JPS)
Triple Pelvic Osteotomy (TPO)
Total Hip replacement (THR)
Femoral head & Neck Excision (FHNE)

Question 11

What is Juvenile Pubic Symphysiodesis (JPS)

Answer 11

Fusion of part of pelvis altering growth location of ball and socket.

Question 12

What is Triple Pelvic Osteotomy (TPO)

Answer 12

Modification of hip joint, improving capture of ball in socket.

Question 13

Femoral head & Neck Excision (FHNE)

Answer 13

Removal of Ball

Question 14

Elbow Dysplasia Causes?

Answer 14

Cartledge disease leading to abnormal development
Difference in growth rate of ulna and radius.

Question 15

What is the Ortolani test?

Answer 15

Checks for hip dysplasia.

Question 16

Cruciate Rupture

Answer 16

Small tear or a complete rupture of cruciate ligaments that stabilise the knee

Question 17

Surgical options for ruptured cruciate

Answer 17

Tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO)
Tibial Tuberosity advancement (TTA)

Question 18

What is a TPLO

Answer 18

Surgical procedure: adjusting the tibial plateau (the surface at the top of the tibia) by cutting the bone

Question 19

What is a TTA

Answer 19

changes the angle of the tibia.

Question 20

Patella luxation is most common in?

Answer 20

Small breeds and dogs 4-6 months old.

Question 21

Luxating Patella Surgical procedures

Answer 21

Sulcoplasty
Tibial crest transposition
Femoral osteotomy

Question 22

What is Sulcoplasty surgery.

Answer 22

Deepening of the trochlear Sulcus

Question 23

What is Tibial crest transposition surgery

Answer 23

Realigning the patellar tendon

Question 24

What is femoral osteotomy

Answer 24

Corrective bone cutting

Question 25

Define Panosteitis?

Answer 25

Inflammation of the bone.

Question 26

What breed and sex are over represented with Pansteitis?

Answer 26

GSD and Males.

Question 27

Osteoarthritis

Answer 27

Degenerative joint disease. tissues in the joint break down.

Question 28

The different types of Osteoarthritis

Answer 28

Inflammatory: Infective Inflammatory: Non infective Immune- mediated Degenerative