Musculoskeletal Flashcards
An example of a flat bone is one that is found in the:
A. Vertebrae
B. Extremities
C. Hands
D. Skull and sternum
D. Skull and sternum
Flat bones, one of the four bone types, are commonly found in the skull and sternum
After which of the following diagnostic studies is it important that the patient lie quietly in a semi-Fowler’s position for approximately 8 hours (12 hours if oil-based dye is used)?
A. CT scan
B. MRI
C. Myelogram
D. Bone scan
C. Myelogram
After a myelogram, it is important that the patient lie quietly in a semi-Fowler’s position for approximately 8 hours (12 hours if oil-based dye is used) to keep the dye in the lower spine. Encouraging fluids will also help the body absorb the dye from the spinal column.
Your patient is undergoing a diagnostic procedure whereby needle electrodes are inserted into skeletal muscles to record electrical activity. This test is called:
A. Arthroscopy
B. Endoscopic spinal microsurgery
C. Aspiration of fluid
D. Electromyogram (EMG)
D. Electromyogram (EMG)
During an electromyogram (EMG), needle electrodes are inserted into skeletal muscles to record electrical activity. This electrical activity can be heard, seen on an oscilloscope, and recorded on paper simultaneously.
Your patient with rheumatoid arthritis is asking you about her condition. You base your patient teaching on the knowledge that:
A. Most patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis are women older than age 65.
B. Rheumatoid arthritis is an acute inflammatory condition that usually resolves in 2 to 4 weeks.
C. Rheumatoid arthritis is thought to be an autoimmune disorder.
D. Exercise is discouraged for the patient with rheumatoid arthritis because the muscles and joints must rest.
C. Rheumatoid arthritis is thought to be an autoimmune disorder.
Rheumatoid arthritis is thought to be an autoimmune disorder, although there is evidence of genetic predisposition.
Your patient has been diagnosed with osteoarthritis. She has numerous questions for you about the disorder. In answering her questions, you remember that osteoarthritis is:
A. Almost considered to be an inevitable consequence of aging
B. A chronic, progressive disorder of the sacroiliac and hip joints most commonly seen in young men
C. A metabolic disease resulting from an accumulation of uric acid in the blood
D. Usually treated with high-dose steroids
A. Almost considered to be an inevitable consequence of aging
Osteoarthritis is so common with age that it is almost considered to be an inevitable consequence of aging. It is a major cause of severe chronic disability and affects joints of the hand, knee, hip, and cervical and lumbar vertebrae.
Your patient has a chronic musculoskeletal disorder and is asking you about alternative therapies for her condition. You base your response on your knowledge that:
A. Alternative therapies are based on “quackery” and should not be used under any circumstances.
B. Long-term studies of glucosamine and chondroitin show that they are completely safe and effective.
C. Chiropractic adjustment is dangerous and should not be recommended.
D. Glucosamine supplements have been linked with reduced articular pain, lessened joint tenderness, and less restricted joint movement in persons with arthritis.
D. Glucosamine supplements have been linked with reduced articular pain, lessened joint tenderness, and less restricted joint movement in persons with arthritis.
Glucosamine supplements have been linked with reduced articular pain, lessened joint tenderness, and less restricted joint movement in persons suffering from arthritis. Supplemental glucosamine acts like glucosamine found naturally in cartilage, working as a lubricant and shock absorber.
Which of the following are risk factors for osteoporosis? Select all that apply.
A. White or Asian woman
B. Active lifestyle including weight-bearing exercise three times per week
C. High intake of caffeine
D. Steroid use
E. Postmenopausal female
F. Anticonvulsant therapy for seizure disorder
G. Overweight African American woman
A. White or Asian woman C. High intake of caffeine D. Steroid use E. Postmenopausal female F. Anticonvulsant therapy for seizure disorder
Fibromyalgia syndrome is a:
A. Psychiatric disorder
B. Syndrome of depression, irritability, and hostility
C. Musculoskeletal chronic pain syndrome of unknown etiology
D. Disorder that usually affects men between the ages of 20 and 50
C. Musculoskeletal chronic pain syndrome of unknown etiology
Fibromyalgia syndrome is a musculoskeletal chronic pain syndrome of unknown etiology that causes pain in the muscles, bones, or joints. It is associated with soft tissue tenderness at multiple characteristic sites.
Postoperative nursing care for a patient who has undergone a hip fracture repair includes:
A. Maintaining adduction of the legs
B. Turning the patient onto the operative side every 4 hours
C. Encouraging the use of chairs that are low to the ground once the patient is out of bed and ambulating
D. Wound assessment with special attention paid to color, amount, and odor of exudate; frequent monitoring of vital signs; suture line assessment, and accurate intake and output recording
D. Wound assessment with special attention paid to color, amount, and odor of exudate; frequent monitoring of vital signs; suture line assessment, and accurate intake and output recording.
Postoperative nursing care for a patient who has undergone a hip fracture repair includes wound assessment with special attention paid to color, amount, and odor of exudate; frequent monitoring of vital signs; suture line assessment, and accurate intake and output recording. JP drains and Hemovac drains must also be assessed for amount and color of drainage every 4 hours.
You are caring for a recently admitted patient who has suffered a pelvic fracture. In planning your nursing care, you recognize that the most serious physical assessment finding to report is:
A. Patient’s complaints of pain when being turned in bed
B. Hypotension, tachycardia, and hematuria
C. Normoactive bowel sounds
D. Headache
B. Hypotension, tachycardia, and hematuria
Hypotension, tachycardia, and hematuria are signs of possible shock from hemorrhage. Hemorrhage is by far the most life-threatening complication to a patient with a pelvic fracture.
Match the type of joints with their movement.
- Amphiarthrosis A. Free movement
- Diarthrosis B. No movement
- Synarthrosis C. Slight movement
- C.
- A.
- B.
This lab test is a nonspecific test used to detect inflammatory, neoplastic, infectious and necrotic processes. It indicates the presence of inflammation as seen in rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatic fever. A. Lupus erythematosus preparation (LE) B. Rheumatoid factor (RF) C. Uric Acid (Blood) D. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
D. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
These statements are true about rheumatoid arthritis EXCEPT:
A. Localized pain, stiffness, bony knobs of end joints of fingers.
B. Involves inflammation of synovial membrane, destruction of bones, ligaments, tendons, cartilage and joint capsule.
C. Symmetrical joint involvement
D. Systemic manifestations occur
A. Localized pain, stiffness, bony knobs of end joints of fingers.
These statements are true about osteoarthritis EXCEPT:
A. Degenerative of cartilage from wear and tear; bone spur formation
B. Often only one side of the body is affected with changes noted in hands, spine, knees and hips
C. No systemic involvement is present
D. Fever, fatigue and other organ involvement is absent
E. Females are affected more often than males w/ a ratio of 3:1
E. Females are affected more often than males w/ a ratio of 3:1
Males and females are equally affected.
These calculi containing sodium urate deposits that develop in periarticular fibrous tissue, is typically found in patients with gout. A. Gallstones B. Tophi C. Crepitus D. Sequestrum
B. Tophi
